Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) are a new class of hybrid porous crystalline materials constructed from metal-oxygen clusters with organic linkers, creating three dimensional ordered frameworks. As porous materials, MOFs usually possess very high surface area. The framework topologies and pore size of MOFs can be designed via choosing various metal centers and organic linkers, their chemical properties can be modified by chemical functionalization of linkers and post modification. These unique characteristics make MOFs one of the research hot spots in the fields of chemistry and materials, and they have shown potential applications in various research areas. But there is a crucial weakness which hinders the development of MOFs, namely, the low stability. However, zirconium-terephthalate-based MOF UiO-66 has remarkable hydrothermal stability, the framework is claimed to be stable up to 500 ℃, and it is also highly resistant to many solvents. UiO-66 has gained great attention since the outstanding qualities. In this review, details of the synthesis modulation and functionalization of UiO-66 are presented. In addition, the research actuality and prospective of UiO-66 in the fields of adsorption, catalysis, etc. are also discussed.

Catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide(CO₂) to value-added hydrocarbons is of great environmental and social importance, which can not only reduce CO₂ concentration in the atmosphere, but also conform with sustainable development strategy. This paper reviews the progress in catalytic conversion of CO₂ to C₂+ hydrocarbons over Fe-based catalyst. Reaction pathway and mechanism, catalyst preparation and reactor design are emphatically introduced. In addition, the future of hydrocarbons synthesis via CO₂ hydrogenation is also summarized.

We present a brief review of recent progress in materials chemistry based on graphene, including the preparation and surface modification of graphene and graphene-based composites. The composites consisted of graphene and polymers, inorganic particles and other carbonaceous materials are described principally. In addition, the prospective applications of these graphenebased materials have also been briefly introduced.

Sevoflurane was synthesized from 1,1,13,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(chloromethoxy)-propane by halogen-exchange in the presence of an ionic liquid as the solvent and a fluorinating agent . Mechanism of the phase transfer catalysis was discussed. The effects of [bpy]BF4, [bmim]BF4, [bepy]BF4 and [bmim]PF6 on the yield were investigated. The ionic liquidwater system and high surface area could not only induce KF to enter into the ionic liquid to produce high active F- but also reduce the formation of byproducts. The yield was 94.6％. The ionic liquid could be reused for three times without noticeable loss of activity.

Nanozymes are a kind of nanomaterials with enzyme-like activity. Since they were first discovered in 2007, nearly a thousand kinds of nanomaterials with different compositions have been found to have enzyme-like activity. They exhibit similar enzymatic reaction kinetics and catalytic mechanisms to natural enzymes and can be used as a good substitute for natural enzymes. Due to the enzyme-like activity and the advantages of multifunctionality, economy, stability, and easy to scale production, nanozymes have shown good application prospects in the rapid detection of pathogenic microorganisms and the prevention or treatment of infectious diseases. Therefore, nanozymes are regarded as a new type of biosafety material. This article reviews the application of nanozymes in detecting and killing of bacteria and viruses in recent years, and provides a basis for the development of diagnostic and anti-pathogenic microbial treatment strategies based on nanozyme when responding to major biosafety threats and preventing biosafety hazards.

Transition metal phosphides (TMPs) have been widely recognized as favorable electrocatalytic materials for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) due to their high conductivity and good stability. In this review, we highlight the progress on the synthesis and characterization of Ni, Co and Fe based phosphides nanomaterials, as well as the HER activities of TMPs in alkaline solutions. The TMPs show low overpotential at a specific current density and have good stability, indicating that more phosphorus-rich phases exhibit higher HER activities within certain limits, which provides a direction for our future research.

Photoresist is an indispensable basic material in the integrated circuit field. As the increasingly fierce international competition, photoresist is monopolized by United States, Japan and other countries. The localization of photoresist is imminent. This review focuses on g-line (436 nm) and i-line (365 nm) photoresists that are currently used in the market. According to its composition, it is divided into novolak-diazonaphthoquinone(DNQ) photoresist, chemically amplified photoresist, molecular glass photoresist and other types to be summarized separately. Details of the novolak-DNQ photoresist are reported. The exposure mechanism and the effects of photosensitizers and additives on the performance of photoresist are also described. It is expected to provide information and reference for the development of g-line and i-line photoresists.

In recent years, photosensitive polyimide (PSPI) has been rapidly developed under the demand of high-tech fields such as advanced packaging technology, microelectromechanical systems, and organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays. The progress of PSPI has attracted widespread attention in terms of basic research, application, and industrialization. Photosensitive polyimide shows an increasingly prominent importance as a practical self-patternable film. This paper reviews the recent research progress in the structural design, photochemical reaction and light-sensitive properties of positive and negative photosensitive polyimides, briefly introduces the application in the field of the integrated circuits, microelectromechanical systems and OLED displays, and finally gives an outlook on the development of photosensitive polyimides in research and applications.

Perovskite quantum dots (QDs) have been widely researched in recent years because of their promising luminescent properties. However, due to its poor stability and toxicity, it still faces many obstacles in future production and applications. As an effective method to improve the luminescence output and reduce the toxicity of perovskite QDs, B-site doping has also been significantly developed. This paper introduces some vital methods for synthesizing B-site doped perovskite QDs which sprang up in recent years, and summarizes the doping mechanism of B-site doped perovskite QDs and its influence on the photoluminescence properties and stabilities. The development trends and the possibilities of practical applications of B-site doped all-inorganic perovskite QDs in the future are proposed finally.

Transition metal phosphate has attracted the attention of researchers in the field of electrolytic water because of its advantages of safety， cleanliness， low cost and high efficiency. Phosphate groups in phosphate have unique atomic geometric structure， strong coordination and various orientations， which are beneficial to stabilize the middle valence state of transition metals and accelerate proton conduction rate. However， its poor conductivity and low porosity have prompted researchers to explore and design more efficient transition metal phosphate electrocatalysts. Although researchers have invested a lot of time and energy， there are still many problems to be solved in the efficient development and utilization of transition metal phosphate electrocatalysts. In this paper， combined with the latest research progress of transition metal phosphate electrocatalysts， the development and design strategies of phosphate by researchers in recent years are introduced from the aspects of morphology control， defect engineering and interface engineering. At the same time， the opportunities and challenges faced by this kind of catalyst in the future material field are discussed from the aspects of scientific research and practical application.

Hydrogels have tissue-like mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility， and are widely recognized as ideal candidate materials for bioelectronics. Inspired by bio-tissues such as skin， nerves， and muscles， etc.， a lot of hydrogels with biomimetic structures and functions have been developed to mimic the capability of creatures to sense external stimuli including temperature， pressure， strain， and electric field， etc. Such biomimetic hydrogels have important applications in electronic skin， artificial muscles， and artificial nerves， etc. This article reviews recent progress of biomimetic flexible hydrogel electronics， including representative hydrogel flexible electronic devices， typical applications， and major challenges in this field. Some open key scientific issue and important directions are outlooked in a brief perspective section at the end.

The rise of emerging contaminants and microorganisms causes the complexity of drinking water quality and brings a gap between peoples demand and water treatment efficiency using conventional treatment reagents and techniques. Ferrate is an effective and multi-functional green water purification material, which shows both good oxidation and coagulation ability without secondary pollution. This paper reviews the removal mechanism of contaminants including heavy metal ions, emerging contaminants and microorganisms by ferrate. At present, the investigation of ferrates oxidation and coagulation cooperative effect is insufficient and the application of ferrates in water treatment has not been fully developed. Therefore, the oxidation and coagulation cooperative effect of ferrates is emphatically discussed to direct the application of ferrates in water treatment. Finally, the prospect of application of ferrates in water treatment is commented.

Selective hydrogenation has very important applications in the chemical industry such as synthesis of functional materials and purification of chemical products. In recent years， in order to reduce the impact of the greenhouse effect， the selective hydrogenation of CO₂ into other valuable chemicals has become a research hotspot. Among them， the thermal catalysis is widely used， easy to obtain a variety of target products and high yield of products. At present， the heterogeneous thermal catalytic hydrogenation of CO₂ to produce methane， methanol， light olefins and other high-value fuels and chemicals has made some progresses， but their development is still challenging. The preparation of high-efficiency catalysts is one of the keys. For a long time， researchers have been committed to solving the problem of catalyst activity and selectivity， and modifying the catalysts by doping with additives and adding functional carriers. In response to these problems， this article briefly introduces the background of the catalytic hydrogenation of CO₂ and reviews the catalysts used in the heterogeneous thermal catalytic hydrogenation of CO₂ into methane， methanol and light olefin products in recent five years. It is expected to provide a reference for the development of new catalysts in the heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of CO₂.

Two-dimensional nanomaterials, typically represented by graphene, have shown great application potential in various branches of electrochemistry with their unique structures and excellent electronic properties. This paper reviewed the current research development of novel two-dimensional nanomaterials in various fields of electrochemistry such as energy storage, energy conversion and electrochemical sensing. Some of the existing problems were summarized, and the development tendency of two-dimensional nanomaterials were also prospected.

Porphyrins have been widely used to construct new photocatalytic and photosensitizing materials because of their strong absorption of visible light. The photophysical and photochemical properties of porphyrin units could be easily modulated in frameworks materials, with the aid of the large surface area and tunable pore structure of the frameworks, leading to an improved photocatalytic quantum yield and selectivity. In this review, the recent advances of porphyrin-based frameworks materials, including metal organic framework materials (MOFs) and covalent organic framework materials (COFs) as well as covalent organic polymers (COPs) have been briefly summarized in the field of photocatalysis. Moreover, the key problems faced by designing high-performance porphyrin-based photocatalysts were analyzed in order to give some advice for the future development.

The unique two-dimensional spatial structure gives graphene excellent chemical and physical properties and huge specific surface area, which makes graphene a very promising material for energy storage applications and a research hotspot recently. Irreversible agglomeration, smooth surface and inertness result in the dramatic reduction of the available active surface of graphene, which limits its blending with other materials. In recent years, doping graphene with nitrogen reforms its electronic structure and increases surface active sites, promoting its electrochemical performance in the field of energy storage. This paper reviews the current status of nitrogen-doped graphene synthesis and recent progress in the use of nitrogen-doped graphene in chemical energy storage, including supercapacitors, Li-ion batteries, Li-air batteries and Li-S batteries. Finally, key issues related to preparations and applications of nitrogen-doped graphene are briefly discussed as well, and the development prospect of nitrogen-doped graphene is prospected as well.

Lithium-ion batteries are the most widely used energy storage device, and currently, the rapid development of economy has put forward higher requirements on their performances. Electrode microstructure has significant influence on the battery performance, therefore, elaborate microstructure design and controllable preparation thereof is becoming one of the hot topics in this field. In this paper, according to the latest development trend of lithium ion batteries, the basic electrochemical process and the microstructural characterization technology of the lithium ion battery electrode are enumerated. Then the design and optimization of the electrode in recent years are summarized, and the key microstructural features are discussed. Based on an ideal electrode structure, the latest development in controllable electrode preparation technology is reviewed.

Carbon quantum dots(CQDs) as a new member of the family of carbon nanomaterials, have excellent fluorescence properties, biocompatibility and weak cytotoxicity, and have attracted wide interests of scientists. In this paper, the preparation methods of CQDs were introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods and their effect on the composition, structure and properties of CQDs were discussed. In view of optical and electrochemical properties of CQDs, the application of CQDs in the field of energy and environment was summarized. In addition, some challenges in the process of CQDs research were analyzed. Several recommendations and opinions were provided for the further research in CQDs, which will provide important reference for the development of CQDs applications.

In the application process of commercial lithium-ion battery electrolyte， the electrolyte， lithium salt lithium hexafluorophosphate （LiPF₆）， is prone to hydrolysis in presence of trace water， which can lead to the comprehensive electrochemical performance damage of the battery system. Therefore， it is urgent to control the introduction of trace water in the electrolyte body and measures to reduce the influence of lithium salt and trace water reaction products on the battery system. This article mainly summarizes the characteristics of additives containing different function groups in removing trace amounts of water and acid from electrolytes， and analyzes the function of acid-removing and water-removing. Finally， future research directions as well as application prospects of acid-removing and water-removing additives are prospected.

Rare earth elements are a series of 17 elements including scandium, yttrium and lanthanide. They not only have physical and chemical similarities in nature, but also have their own unique and diverse electronic structures. From the chemical level, the characteristics of rare earth ions determine the nature of high-tech applications, such as rare earth permanent magnet, magnetic cooling, superconductivity, pyroelectricity, optical refrigeration, nonlinear optics, catalysis, etc. Rare earth functional materials are the basis for the application of these technologies. In terms of the requirements of scientific and technological development, the research and development of rare earth functional materials is the most important way to achieve high-quality development of rare earth resources. In this paper, based on the characteristics of rare earth ions, the orbital hybrid model is used to construct the basic relationship between rare earth ions and rare earth functional materials. The research progress of rare earth ions in composition design and performance optimization of rare earth functional materials in different application fields in recent years is summarized.

Malignant tumors are major diseases that threaten human health. The development of safe and efficient antitumor drugs and their delivery systems is an important guarantee for improving the efficacy of antitumor drugs. In recent years， cyclodextrin-based antitumor drug host-guest delivery systems have received much attention. Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligosaccharides obtained by amylolytic enzymes with an external hydrophilic internal hydrophobic structure， and have been widely used in gene therapy， immune cell therapy， immune-targeted therapy， and chemotherapy. This review summarizes the advances related to cyclodextrins as antitumor drug delivery carriers， and also provides a perspective and discussion on the opportunities and challenges of host-guest delivery systems in oncology therapy.

We monitored the imidization process of poly(amic acid) synthesized from pyromellitic dianhidride and 4,4′-oxydianiline, and analyzed the IR bands of the poly(amic acid) and the polyimide after thermal imidization using variable temperature FTIR spectroscopy in transmission mode. We investigated peak assignments of the poly(amic acid) and the polyimide and found —COO- and —NH+2 in the system. The C=O symmetrical and asymmetrical stretching vibrations in —COO- locate at 1607 and 1406 cm-1 respectively, NH+2 stretching vibration locate at 3200, 3133, 2938, 2880, 2820, 2610 cm-1. According to the identified IR absorption peaks of —COO- and —NH+2, we proposed the mechanism of the imidization process of poly(amic acid) that during the imidization H+ from COOH of the poly(amic acid) can move to NH of the poly(amic acid) and form —COO- and NH+2, then the intermediate cyclodehydrates to polyimide at last.

Organic phosphorus-containing flame retardants have good characteristics, such as high efficiency, low toxicity, no pollution and smokeless. To date, research of synthesis and application in this field attracts a lot of attention. This paper reviewed recent developments, current status and potential future trends of organic phosphorus-containing flame retardants. The classification and mechanism of organic phosphorus-containing flame retardants were also introduced. The development and problems in the application were outlined considering the aspects of organic phosphorus-containing fire retardants.

Biosensors have received vigorous development and serious concern in recent years owing to the combinations with nanotechniques, flow-injection and micro-fluidics devices. Affinitive biosensor is a kind of high-tech sensing device based on the specific affinity between biological molecules, and the affinity of bioactive substance and substrate. With the advantages of high specificity, good sensitivity, high speed, low cost, on-line measuring and monitoring in complicated system, affinitive biosensors are widely used in biomedical fields, such as the detection of biomedical markers, nucleic acids, proteins, viruses, bacteria and toxins, the research of medicine actions mechanism, clinical drug screening, and etc. In this paper, the recent advance of affinitive biosensors in biomedical applications are reviewed. We also focus on a growing number of applications and progress in immunosensors and aptamer-based biosensors for tumor biomarker, nucleic acids and proteins. It covers the basic principles and biomedical and clinical applications of immunosensors and aptamerbased biosensors，and indicates the future prospects in this field.

Lignin is one of the most abundant and significant natural polymeric materials in the world， and its position is only second to cellulose. In woody plants， lignin content accounts for about 25%. Due to its chemical inertness and structural complexity， the application of lignin is very limited. Therefore， the chemical modification of lignin is the key method to transform lignin into functional materials， which is of great significance for the sustainable development of resources and environment. In this review， the research progress on the development of chemical modification of lignin and its applications， including wastewater treatment， heterogeneous catalysis and other aspects， are summarized. Furthermore， discussions on challenges and perspectives in the field of lignin modification are also presented.

Metal-organic frameworks （MOFs） as a kind of inorganic-organic hybrid materials have potential applications in many fields due to their diverse structures and unique functionalities. In particular， liquid phase epitaxial layered MOFs films （called SURMOFs films， SURMOFs） have attracted much attention due to their controllable thickness， optimal growth orientation and uniform surface. This article summarizes the liquid phase epitaxy （LPE） layers of assembly MOFs thin film technology and methods， such as layer-by-layer （LBL） dipping method， LBL pump method， layer spray method and LBL spin coating method. The article also introduces the classical SURMOF layers of HKUST-1 assembly strategy and its related applications in photoluminescence， photochromic， photocatalytic and electrocatalysis. As one of the classical MOF materials， HKUST-1 has a wide range of applications in photoelectric field， and it has the unique properties： it can be used as a luminous carrier to achieve good optical properties； it has the advantage of unique Cu catalytic active site and can effectively degrade pollutants； it has potential applications in electronic devices because of its dielectric properties. Since SURMOF HKUST-1 has unique properties in many fields， it also faces some challenges： it needs to simplify the process of film synthesis； the structure of thin films and the mechanism of electrocatalysis also need further study； methods for reducing HKUST-1 internal resistance which can increase the conductivity also need to be improved. SURMOFs still has a long way to go for large-scale industrial applications and expansion to other unexplored areas.

Biosafety has seriously threatened the survival and development of human beings. Under the situation of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic and the normalization of anti-epidemic, biosafety prevention and control is becoming more and more important, which is directly related to the development of society, economy and politics. At the beginning of COVID-19 epidemic, there was a serious lack of personal protective equipment, due to the shortage of medical emergency supplies and the lack of ability to public health emergencies. In the face of the severe challenge of the epidemic, interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary cooperation is the key to scientific epidemic prevention. The characteristics of the material, such as optical, electrical, acoustic, magnetic, thermal, are helpful for the design and preparation of multi-functional new materials, which can meet the requirements of biosafety prevention in detection, prevention and treatment. We should give full play to the advantages of biosafety and materials science. Using new biosafety materials to overcome the shortcomings of traditional materials can improve or provide new detection methods. Not only can we use biosafety materials to develop a variety of highly effective, low toxicity drugs and vaccines, but also to produce multifunctional masks and protective clothing. What we have done has contributed to the preparation of medical emergency supplies and to the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, the toxicity of new biosafety materials can not be ignored. Only by accelerating industrialization based on basic research and practical problems can we better cope with other emerging outbreaks of infectious diseases in the future.

A novel conjugated polymer containing azobenzene and 1,3,4-oxadiazole units(LPOXD) was synthesized. The structure of the LPOXD was charactered by FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H NMR, GPC, TGA and DSC. The results indicate that the intrinsic viscosity of the LPOXD is 0.02960 L/g, and its Mw and molecular mass distribution or polydispersity index(PDI) values are 8500 g/mol and 1.55, respectively. A 5% mass loss of the LPOXD occurred at 290 ℃. The glass-transition temperature(Tg) is 92.8 ℃. The introduction of long side chain of alkoxy significantly improved LPOXD′s solubility in common organic solvents such as chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, and so on. Furthermore, the optical and electrochemical properties of the LPOXD were investigated throughly by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence emission spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The results indicate that the azobenzene in the LPOXD involve a trans-cis photoisomerization under the radiation of 365 nm UV light. A wide fluorescence peak of the LPOXD appeared in the wavelength range of blue and purple light under excitaion at 350 nm. Cyclic voltammetry reveals that the LUMO and HOMO energies of the LPOXD are -5.96 eV and -3.17 eV, respectively.

Formate dehydrogenase (FDH) is a D-2-hydroxy acid dehydrogenase, and catalyzes the oxidation of formate to carbon dioxide, coupled with reduction of NAD ⁺(oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)) to NADH (reduced NAD) that plays a key role in the process of NADH regeneration. In order to obtain highly active formate dehydrogenase mutants, the Candida boidinii formate dehydrogenase CbFDH ^C23S was used as the parent to conduct two rounds of directional evolution, and a mutant M2 was obtained. The specific activity of M2 is about 4 times more than the parent and M2 and is more suitable for coenzyme regeneration under physiological conditions. Then, the molecular mechanism of the temperature characteristic and the catalytic efficiency change was preliminarily elucidated by the computer aided method. Finally, with the help of the co-expression strategy, the expression level of mutant M2 in Escherichia coli is further improved, and the formate dehydrogenase activity in the ultrasonic lysate reaches 45.85 U/mL, which is far higher than the expression level of the parent single copy. This study laid a theoretical foundation for the green biosynthesis of food additives such as chiral alcohols and amino acid derivatives catalyzed by FDH coupling to enhance the regeneration capacity of NADH, reduce the regeneration cost of NADH, and achieve high efficiency and low cost.

In the long process of evolution， nature has created numerous natural materials with excellent properties， which provides inspiration for the design and fabrication of artificial materials， as well as the development of related disciplines. With the advances in material science and manufacturing technology， bio-inspired materials are attracting extensive research and thus experiencing a rapid development. Based on elaborate morphology and component design， bioinspired materials have acquired diverse functions such as self-adaptation， self-healing， self-cleaning， fog collection， etc. Up to date， the bioinspired materials with extraordinary performances have demonstrated practical values in medicine， aerospace， biomedical field， daily life， and so on. In particular， the bioinspired materials could serve as biological scaffolds for cell culture and be further integrated into microfluidic chips to construct organ-on-chips systems. Compared with traditional cell experiments and animal models， the organ-on-chips platform is more appropriate for drug screening and disease model research， which could be attributed to the advantages of miniaturization， low consumption and more physiological-like environment. In this review， after introducing the fabrication method， we present the specific functions or features of the derived bioinspired materials. The focus of this review is concentrated on the integration of bioinspired materials into organ-on-chips and their applications. Finally， the challenges and opportunities of current organ-on-chips are also prospected.

The critical micelle concentration of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, which is a typical anion surfactant, was respectively determined by surface tension, electrical conductivity, UVVis absorption spectral and synchronous fluorescence spectral methods. Results show that synchronous fluorescence spectral method is characterized by less sample volume, high sensitivity, and high accuracy. The first and the second critical micelle concentrations were determined by the synchronous fluorescence spectral method to be 1.48 and 6.90 mmol/L respectively, which are well consistent with those data from the traditional surface tension and electrical conductivity methods, thus, verifying the reliability of synchronous fluorescence spectrometry to measure the critical micelle concentrations of surfactants.

部分氧化海藻酸钠的制备与性能;海藻酸钠;氧化;降解;水凝胶

the sulfonic group functionalized ionic liquid--1-H-3-(3-sulfonic acid)propylimidazolium chloride was immobilized on micro-ball silica-gel using 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane as coupling agent to obtain the silica-gel immobilized ionic liquid(IL3). The IL3 was characterized by SEM, FTIR, TG, 13C-NMR, BET, and titration its surface acidity. Its catalytic performance in the synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from fructose dehydration was investigated. The results indicate that 1-H-3-(3-sulfonic acid)propylimidazolium chloride could be immobilized on micro-ball silica-gel surface, and the IL3 was a good catalyst for the HMF synthesis from fructose dehydration. The yield of HMF is up to 82.1%, using 45.4-IL3 as the catalyst, with ethylene glycol monomethyl ether(EGME) as solvent at 115℃ over 5h. The used IL3 could be reused conveniently. But the yield of HMF dropped gradually with the more times of the IL3 recycled. After the IL3 reused four times, the yield of HMF decreased from 82.1% to 53.0%.

A variety of nanomaterials have been discovered with the emergence and development of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Carbon quantum dots (CQDS) attract the attention of many researchers because of their unique and excellent properties. Carbon sources have an important impact on the synthesis and properties of carbon quantum dots. Coal and coal derivatives are rich in aromatic ring structures and suitable for the preparation of carbon quantum dots in the view of microstructures. In this paper, the research progress of the synthesis of carbon quantum dots from coal (called coal based carbon quantum dots) and its derivatives by chemical oxidation, ultrasonic and electrochemical oxidation is reviewed. The advantages of coal and its derivatives as raw materials are described, the characteristics of different preparation methods are compared and analyzed, and the properties of coal based carbon quantum dots are briefly introduced. Finally, the prospects of controllable preparation of coal based carbon quantum dots are proposed.

Among many hydrogen production technologies， electrolysis of water has many obvious advantages， such as environmentally friendly， simple and easy to operate. Industrial-scale hydrogen production is typically carried out at high current density. A great number of H₂ bubbles will generate on the electrode surface during the process of hydrogen production. The aggregation and adhesion of bubbles on the electrode surface will lead to a large number of active sites being covered， resulting in the reduction of the efficiency. Therefore， regulating bubble wetting behavior is crucial for industrial electrolysis of water. In recent years， superaerophobic materials have attracted much attention due to their unique wetting capabilities. Superwetting interface materials can be constructed by controlling the chemical composition of the electrode surface and constructing rough structure at micro and nano scales. This type of material has a superhydrophilic/superaerophobic interface structure， which facilitates the effective infiltration of aqueous electrolyte and accelerates the release of in-situ generated bubbles， thus enhancing the water splitting performance of the catalyst. This paper systematically introduces the water splitting catalysts with superhydrophilic/superaerophobic interfacial structures reported in recent years， outlines the synthetic design strategies and catalytic performance of the catalysts， and the current research status， challenges and application prospects of superwetting water splitting catalysts are summarized and prospected.

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks?8 （ZIF?8） is a kind of porous material with large specific surface area and strong stability， which is widely used in gas storage， separation， catalysis and other fields. In this work， the effect of different reaction conditions， such as the molar ratio of Zn²⁺ to 2?methylimidazole， the amount of surfactant and the reaction solvents， on the size and morphology of ZIF?8 were reported. Among these conditions， the molar ratio of Zn²⁺ to 2?methylimidazole is the key factor affecting the size and morphology of ZIF?8. The synthesized ZIF?8 nanoparticles were characterized by SEM， BET and XRD. The size of ZIF?8 decreases gradually from 1500 nm to 850 nm then to 250 nm， and the morphology changes from truncated hexahedron to truncated dodecahedron and finally to dodecahedron. The specific surface area of ZIF?8 nanoparticles with a particle size of 250 nm is 1730 m²/g， and the pore size and pore volume are 1.5 nm and 0.6 cm³/g， respectively. Therefore， it can be seen that ZIF?8 nanoparticles with a particle size of 250 nm have excellent carrier characteristics. The impregnation method was further adopted to synthesize the supported catalyst， and boron ammonia was used as the reducing agent. The ZIF?8 （250 nm）nanoparticles were loaded with metals/precious metal nanoparticles in situ， the component optimization and catalytic performance were further studied. The obtained catalyst ZIF?8/Pt_0.002@Ni_0.2 shows excellent performance in hydrogen generation from aminoborane.