纳米酶:一种新型的生物安全材料

doi:10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.210174

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 纳米酶,是一类自身蕴含酶学特性的纳米材料。自2007年被首次报道以来,已有近千种不同组成的纳米材料被发现具有类酶活性,它们表现出类似天然酶的酶促反应动力学和催化机理,并且可以作为天然酶的替代物进行应用。纳米酶本身所具有的类酶活性及其多功能、经济、稳定和易于大批量生产的优势,使其在病原微生物的快速检测以及感染性疾病的预防和治疗中展现出良好的应用潜力。因此,纳米酶被视为一种新型的生物安全材料。本文对近年来纳米酶在检测和杀灭细菌、病毒等病原微生物中的应用进行综述,为应对重大生物安全威胁和防范生物安全危害时,开发基于纳米酶的诊断和抗病原微生物治疗策略提供依据。

关键词: 纳米酶, 生物安全材料, 病原微生物检测, 抗菌, 抗病毒

Abstract: Nanozymes are a kind of nanomaterials with enzyme-like activity. Since they were first discovered in 2007, nearly a thousand kinds of nanomaterials with different compositions have been found to have enzyme-like activity. They exhibit similar enzymatic reaction kinetics and catalytic mechanisms to natural enzymes and can be used as a good substitute for natural enzymes. Due to the enzyme-like activity and the advantages of multifunctionality, economy, stability, and easy to scale production, nanozymes have shown good application prospects in the rapid detection of pathogenic microorganisms and the prevention or treatment of infectious diseases. Therefore, nanozymes are regarded as a new type of biosafety material. This article reviews the application of nanozymes in detecting and killing of bacteria and viruses in recent years, and provides a basis for the development of diagnostic and anti-pathogenic microbial treatment strategies based on nanozyme when responding to major biosafety threats and preventing biosafety hazards.

Key words: Nanozyme, Biosafety materials, Pathogen detection, Antibacterial, Antiviral

中图分类号:

O643.3

赵越, 孟祥芹, 阎锡蕴, 范克龙. 纳米酶:一种新型的生物安全材料[J]. 应用化学, 2021, 38(5): 524-545.

ZHAO Yue, MENG Xiang-Qin, YAN Xi-Yun, FAN Ke-Long. Nanozyme: A New Type of Biosafety Material[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2021, 38(5): 524-545.

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