防控新冠肺炎的生物安全材料研究进展

doi:10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.210053

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 生物安全问题严重地威胁了人类的生存与发展。在新冠肺炎疫情持续蔓延与疫情防控常态化的背景下,生物安全防控越发重要,直接关系到社会、经济和政治的发展。新冠疫情初期的个人防护装备紧缺暴露了医疗紧急物资储备严重不足,应对突发公共卫生事件能力缺乏。面临严峻的疫情挑战,跨学科、多学科合作是科学防疫的关键。材料的光、电、声、磁和热等多特性有助于设计和制备多功能的新型生物安全材料,满足检测、预防和治疗各方面的生物安全防控所需。充分发挥生物安全学与材料学交叉融合的优势,利用新型生物安全材料克服传统材料的不足与缺点来改善检测手段或提供新式检测方法,生产多功能口罩、防护服,开发多种、高效、低毒药物与疫苗,有助于做好医疗紧急物资储备,有利于抗击新冠肺炎大流行。同时,新型生物安全材料的生物安全性是不可忽视的。基于基础研究和实际问题,加快产业化速度,未来才能够更好地应对其他新发突发传染病流行。

关键词: 新冠肺炎, 材料学, 生物安全, 生物安全材料学, 突发传染病

Abstract: Biosafety has seriously threatened the survival and development of human beings. Under the situation of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic and the normalization of anti-epidemic, biosafety prevention and control is becoming more and more important, which is directly related to the development of society, economy and politics. At the beginning of COVID-19 epidemic, there was a serious lack of personal protective equipment, due to the shortage of medical emergency supplies and the lack of ability to public health emergencies. In the face of the severe challenge of the epidemic, interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary cooperation is the key to scientific epidemic prevention. The characteristics of the material, such as optical, electrical, acoustic, magnetic, thermal, are helpful for the design and preparation of multi-functional new materials, which can meet the requirements of biosafety prevention in detection, prevention and treatment. We should give full play to the advantages of biosafety and materials science. Using new biosafety materials to overcome the shortcomings of traditional materials can improve or provide new detection methods. Not only can we use biosafety materials to develop a variety of highly effective, low toxicity drugs and vaccines, but also to produce multifunctional masks and protective clothing. What we have done has contributed to the preparation of medical emergency supplies and to the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, the toxicity of new biosafety materials can not be ignored. Only by accelerating industrialization based on basic research and practical problems can we better cope with other emerging outbreaks of infectious diseases in the future.

Key words: Coronavirus disease 2019, Materials science, Biosafety, Biosafety materials, Emerging infectious diseases

中图分类号:

O636.9

蔡满莹, 廖玉辉, 徐伟, 周东方. 防控新冠肺炎的生物安全材料研究进展[J]. 应用化学, 2021, 38(5): 498-509.

CAI Man-Ying, LIAO Yu-Hui, XU Wei, ZHOU Dong-Fang. Research Progress on Biosafety Materials for the Prevention and Control of the Coronavirus Disease 2019[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2021, 38(5): 498-509.

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