氨基酸基聚合物在抗菌领域的研究进展

doi:10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.210065

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 天然抗菌肽是一类短肽分子,广泛存在于生物界,可以通过非特异性机制抑制或杀死细菌或真菌。但是由于化学稳定性和药代动力学稳定性差而且生产成本高昂,限制了抗菌肽在临床上广泛的应用。采用氨基酸基聚合物作为抗菌肽的模拟物是一种有效且被广泛研究的替代策略。本文总结了一系列氨基酸基聚合物作为抗菌剂的研究工作,从特定的阳离子氨基酸残基(赖氨酸、精氨酸)的引入,到更具体的特征结构(如疏水性、二级结构、拓扑结构、自组装行为等)的影响,阐述了结构与抗菌性能的关系。优化后的聚合物能够保留肽的抗菌谱,同时具有低毒性以及优异的选择性。

关键词: 氨基酸基聚合物, 赖氨酸, 精氨酸, 抗微生物, 抗菌, 毒性

Abstract: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are short peptide molecules that are produced by organisms and can inhibit or kill bacteria or fungi through non-specific interactions. However, the lack of chemical and pharmacokinetic stability and high production cost limits the clinical applications of these AMPs. Amino acid-based polymers are widely studied as an effective alternative to AMPs. This review surveys the recent progress of amino acid-based polymers as antibacterial agents. The relationship between the polymer structure, starting from specific cationic amino acid residues to more specific characteristics such as hydrophobicity, secondary structure, topological structure and self-assembly behavior, and antibacterial activities is discussed. The optimized polymer can retain broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities, low toxicity, and excellent selectivity.

Key words: Amino acid-based polymers, Lysine, Arginine, Antimicrobial, Antibacterial, Toxicity

中图分类号:

O631

刘慧, 刘骁, 曹远桥, 刘明, 刘亚栋, 韩苗苗, 季生象. 氨基酸基聚合物在抗菌领域的研究进展[J]. 应用化学, 2021, 38(5): 559-571.

LIU Hui, LIU Xiao, CAO Yuan-Qiao, LIU Ming, LIU Ya-Dong, HAN Miao-Miao, JI Sheng-Xiang. Research Progress on Amino Acid-Based Antimicrobial Polymers[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2021, 38(5): 559-571.

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