Construction and Application Research of a Biomimetic MOF Nanozyme-Mediated Ultrasensitive Photoelectrochemical Sensor for Cardiac Biomarkers

doi:10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.250083

Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (10): 1375-1385.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.250083

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Construction and Application Research of a Biomimetic MOF Nanozyme-Mediated Ultrasensitive Photoelectrochemical Sensor for Cardiac Biomarkers

Ling-Yu LEI¹(), Jing-Xin SU², Ya ZHOU¹, Yao WANG¹

^1.Jinzhong Vocational and Technical College，Taiyuan 030600，China
^2.Department of Biochemical Engineering，Chaoyang Normal University，Chaoyang 122000，China

Received:2025-02-28 Accepted:2025-08-14 Published:2025-10-01 Online:2025-10-29
Contact: Ling-Yu LEI
About author:Llingyu868@163.com

Abstract

Abstract:

Cardiac troponin I （cTnI） is a highly sensitive and specific biomarker of myocardial injury， with high clinical value in the early diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases such as acute myocardial infarction （AMI）. However， in the early stages of AMI， the concentration of cTnI in the serum is low and is influenced by other factors such as physiological changes and other diseases. It is urgent to develop biosensors with higher sensitivity and stronger anti-interference ability to improve the accuracy and reliability of early diagnosis. Based on this， this article constructs a novel and simple photoelectrochemical （PEC） biosensor， which utilizes a biomimetic metal organic framework （MOF） nanoenzyme catalyzed precipitation strategy to achieve highly sensitive detection of cTnI in human serum. The experimental results indicate that the detection range of cTnI is 0.1 pg/mL to 100 ng/mL， with a detection limit of 11.9 fg/mL. The myocardial biomarker photoelectrochemical sensor based on biomimetic MOF nanoenzyme has high sensitivity， low detection limit， wide linear response range， good selectivity and high stability. It can be used for early detection of cTnI， a marker of acute myocardial infarction， and is expected to achieve early diagnosis and treatment detection of acute myocardial infarction.

Key words: Metal organic frameworks nanozyme, Photoelectrochemical immunoassay, Biocatalytic precipitation, Cardiac troponin I

CLC Number:

O657.1

Ling-Yu LEI, Jing-Xin SU, Ya ZHOU, Yao WANG. Construction and Application Research of a Biomimetic MOF Nanozyme-Mediated Ultrasensitive Photoelectrochemical Sensor for Cardiac Biomarkers[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2025, 42(10): 1375-1385.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of sensor construction for cTnI detection

Fig.2 （A） SEM，（B） TEM，（C） HR-TEM and （D） EDS image of CdZnS nanorods

Fig.3 XRD pattern （A） and XPS full spectrum （B） of CdZnS nanorods； High-resolution spectra of S2p （C）， Zn2p （D） and Cd3d （E） of CdZnS nanorods； Photocurrent stability diagram of CdZnS nanorods/FTO photoactive substrate （F）

Fig.4 UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra （A） and corresponding Tauc plots （B） of CdZnS （a）， CdS （b）， and ZnS （c）； Mott-Schottky plot of CdZnS （C）； Photoluminescence spectra （D） of CdZnS （a）， CdS （b）， and ZnS （c）； Average lifetime （E） and time-resolved photoluminescence spectra （F） of photo induced charge carriers in CdZnS （a） and CdS （b）

Fig.5 Hemin/BSA@ZIF-8 scanning electron microscopy images of nanoenzymes （A）； TMB （a）， TMB-H2O2 （b）， and Hemin/BSA@ZIF-8-TMB-H2O2 （c） UV-Vis absorption spectra in 0.1 mol/L NaAc-HAc buffer solution （pH=4.0）（B）

Fig.6 Photocurrent response during the construction process of PEC aptamer sensor （A）， impedance spectrum （B） and possible electron transfer mechanism of PEC aptamer sensor （C）

Fig.7 Optimization of CdZnS loading concentration （A）， target compounds cTnI and Apta 2-Hemin/BSA@ZIF-8 incubation time of nanoenzyme （B） and precipitation reaction time catalyzed by nanoenzyme （C）

Fig.8 Temperature （A） and pH value （B） optimized for nanoenzyme catalytic environment， with error bars representing the standard deviation of three independent detection results

Fig.9 The photocurrent response curves （A） and corresponding calibration curves （B） of different concentrations of cTnI； Compared with other interferents （100 fold） such as CK-MB， PSA， MB， cTnT， copper ions， nitrate ions， and bromate ions， the PEC aptamer sensor exhibits selectivity for ρ（cTnI）=10 pg/mL （C）； The stability of the PEC aptamer sensor for ρ（cTnI）=0.1 pg/mL with repeated on/off illumination cycles within 400 s （D）

Fig.10 Repeatability （A） and long-term stability （B） of PEC aptamer sensor

Table 1 Actual sample detection performance of PEC aptamer sensor

Sample	Addition/（pg·mL^-1）	Detection/（pg·mL^-1）			Average/（pg·mL^-1）	Recovery/%	RSD/%（n=3）
Human serum	1.00	0.99	1.04	1.01	1.02	101.60	2.38
	10.00	9.53	10.21	10.38	10.04	100.40	4.45
	100.00	91.70	98.24	100.20	96.52	98.32	1.87

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Construction and Application Research of a Biomimetic MOF Nanozyme-Mediated Ultrasensitive Photoelectrochemical Sensor for Cardiac Biomarkers

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