Abstract:

Commercially available nasal hemostatic sponges suffer from inefficient hemostasis， non-degradability， and wound infection. Therefore， in order to respond to the market and clinical needs， it is particularly important to develop nasal hemostatic sponges with degradability， procoagulant， antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Protocatechuic aldehyde （PA） and iron ion （Fe³⁺） produce the complex PA@Fe， which has antimicrobial， coagulation-promoting， and reactive oxygen species-clearing capabilities. In this regard， the basic sponge skeleton was composed of two varieties of polysaccharide hydrazide sodium alginate （SA-ADH） and sodium hyaluronate oxide （OHA）， with varying concentrations of PA@Fe. By creating a cross-linked network with Schiff base connections inside the nasal cavity， a hemostatic sponge with antibacterial and antioxidant qualities was created to encourage coagulation. Using scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR） to evaluate of the sponge's surface shape and functional groups while experimenting with the addition of various contents of PA@Fe the effect on the sponge's coagulation-promoting capacity， antimicrobial qualities， compressive strength， and capacity to scavenge reactive oxygen species. The sponge's mechanical qualities improved by 31.3% as a result of the content of PA@Fe increase. Furthermore， up to 62.4% of reactive oxygen species can be eliminated by the SO-PA@Fe sponge， and it has up to 97% antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. In contrast to gelatin hemostatic sponges that are sold commercially， SO-PA@Fe sponge absorbs blood twice as quickly. In summary， SO-PA@Fe sponge exhibits excellent coagulation， reactive oxygen species scavenging， and antibacterial properties， providing a new strategy for postoperative hemostasis and repair of sinusitis.

Key words: Nasal hemostasis, Polysaccharide based sponge, Protocatechuic aldehyde, Iron ions, Schiff base bond