应用化学 ›› 2026, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 182-194.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.250054

• 综合评述 • 上一篇    

人参活性成分免疫调节作用机制及其在疾病治疗中应用的研究进展

李静1, 孙志远2, 周铄1, 徐林一1, 罗浩铭1, 房晓雪1()   

  1. 1.长春中医药大学药学院,长春 130117
    2.长春中医药大学中医学院,长春 130117
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-13 接受日期:2025-10-21 出版日期:2026-02-01 发布日期:2026-03-06
  • 通讯作者: 房晓雪
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA0390302);国家自然科学基金(82304913)

Research Progress on the Immunomodulatory Mechanism of Ginseng Active Ingredients and Its Application in the Treatment of Diseases

Jing LI1, Zhi-Yuan SUN2, Shuo ZHOU1, Lin-Yi XU1, Hao-Ming LUO1, Xiao-Xue FANG1()   

  1. 1.School of Pharmacy,Changchun University of Chinese Medicine,Changchun 130117,China
    2.School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Changchun University of Chinese Medicine,Changchun 130117,China
  • Received:2025-02-13 Accepted:2025-10-21 Published:2026-02-01 Online:2026-03-06
  • Contact: Xiao-Xue FANG
  • About author:fangxiaoxue1996@163.com
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82304913);the Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province(YDZJ202501ZYTS803)

摘要:

人参属于补气药物,性味甘微苦平,具有大补元气、生津和安神的功效。 人参主要活性成分包括人参皂苷、人参多糖、挥发油和氨基酸等,这些成分可通过免疫调节发挥抗糖脂代谢紊乱、抗动脉粥样硬化、抗肿瘤、抗炎和抗氧化等药理作用,因此,人参活性成分在代谢性疾病、肿瘤、骨关节疾病以及呼吸系统疾病等领域具有潜在应用价值。 本文对人参活性成分通过免疫调节治疗各类疾病的药理作用进行综述并阐明其作用机制,为中药新药和保健产品的研发提供潜在的参考,也为人参活性成分通过免疫治疗各类疾病的基础研究与临床应用提供理论依据。

关键词: 人参活性成分, 免疫系统, 作用机制, 糖尿病, 动脉粥样硬化, 肿瘤, 骨关节疾病, 呼吸系统疾病

Abstract:

Ginseng is a qi-tonifying herb with the properties of sweet, slightly bitter, and neutral taste. It is known for its effects of replenishing vital energy, promoting the production of body fluids, and calming the mind. The main active components of ginseng include ginsenosides, ginseng polysaccharides, volatile oils, and amino acids. These components have significant immunomodulatory effects on the human body and can exert actions against metabolic disorders, atherosclerosis, tumors, inflammation, and oxidation through immune regulation. Therefore, the active components of ginseng have potential applications in the fields of metabolic diseases, tumors, bone and joint diseases, and respiratory diseases. This article reviews the pharmacological effects of ginseng active components in treating various diseases through immune regulation and elucidates the mechanisms of action. It provides potential resources for the development of new traditional Chinese medicine drugs and health products, and also offers theoretical basis for the basic research and clinical application of ginseng active components in immunotherapy of various diseases.

Key words: Ginseng active ingredient, Immune system, Mechanism of action, Diabetes mellitus, Atherosclerosis, Tumors, Bone and joint diseases, Respiratory diseases

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