应用化学 ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 375-385.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.240393

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

肿瘤微环境响应降解的智能纳米药物用于光动力/光热/气体联合治疗

吴锋1,2, 王樱蕙1(), 张洪杰1,2,3()   

  1. 1.中国科学院长春应用化学研究所,稀土资源与利用国家重点实验室,长春 130022
    2.中国科学技术大学应用化学与工程学院,合肥 230026
    3.清华大学化学系,北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-30 接受日期:2025-01-23 出版日期:2025-03-01 发布日期:2025-04-11
  • 通讯作者: 王樱蕙,张洪杰
  • 基金资助:
    吉林省科技发展计划(20230508071RC)

Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Degradable Smart Nanomedicine for Photodynamic/Photothermal/Gas Combination Therapy

Feng WU1,2, Ying-Hui WANG1(), Hong-Jie ZHANG1,2,3()   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization,Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130022,China
    2.School of Appliel Chemistry and Engineering,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China
    3.Department of Chemistry,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China
  • Received:2024-11-30 Accepted:2025-01-23 Published:2025-03-01 Online:2025-04-11
  • Contact: Ying-Hui WANG,Hong-Jie ZHANG
  • About author:hongjie@ciac.ac.cn
    yhwang@ciac.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Plan(20230508071RC)

摘要:

光动力疗法(PDT)主要是利用光激发光敏剂产生活性氧(如单线态氧(1O2)、超氧阴离子(·O2-)等)从而杀死肿瘤细胞,具有良好的特异性和时空选择性。 但是由于1O2寿命短,且肿瘤组织微环境过表达还原性谷胱甘肽(GSH),限制PDT的治疗效果。 为此,本工作选择肿瘤微环境响应降解的沸石咪唑框架(ZIF-8)为载体,通过直接掺入光敏剂吲哚菁绿(ICG)、负载一氧化氮(NO)前药尼克地尔(Nic)以及包覆具有肿瘤细胞靶向性的透明质酸(HA),成功构建了一种智能纳米药物ZIF@IN@HA。 该药物可以响应肿瘤微环境过表达的GSH,原位释放NO,实现气体治疗(GT)。 在808 nm近红外激光照射下,可以实现光热治疗(PTT)和光动力联合治疗。 同时,NO与1O2反应得到细胞毒性更强的活性氮(RNS),从而进一步提高治疗效果。 实验结果表明: ZIF@IN@HA具有良好的光热转换性能、光动力治疗效果和GSH响应NO释放性能。HA的修饰使ZIF@IN@HA可以特异性的靶向和富集在肿瘤细胞。 在808 nm激光的照射下,ZIF@IN@HA不但可以产生ROS,而且表现出优异的光热转换性能。 在肿瘤弱酸性条件下,ZIF@IN@HA逐渐降解,原位释放NO前药Nic,并进一步响应肿瘤微环境中过量的GSH,实现NO气体的可控释放。 NO与ROS反应还能转化为细胞毒性更强的RNS,进一步提高治疗效果。 总之,ZIF@IN@HA可以通过PDT/PTT/GT的协同作用,实现安全、高效的肿瘤治疗。

关键词: 肿瘤微环境响应, 活性氧, 一氧化氮, 肿瘤治疗, 生物降解

Abstract:

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) mainly uses light to stimulate photosensitizers to produce reactive oxygen species (such as singlet oxygen (1O2), superoxide anion (·O2-), etc.) for killing tumor cells, which has excellent specificity and spatiotemporal selectivity. However, due to the short lifetime of 1O2 and the over-expressed reduced glutathione (GSH) in the tumor microenvironments, the therapeutic effect of PDT is limited. Therefore, the zeolite imidazole framework (ZIF-8), which responds to the degradation of tumor microenvironment, was selected as the carrier in this work, and the photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG), the prodrug nicorandil (Nic) of nitrous oxide (NO), and hyaluronic acid (HA) were packed on ZIF-8. An intelligent nanomedicine ZIF@IN@HA was successfully constructed. The drug can release NO in situ in response to over-expressed GSH in the tumor microenvironment to achieve gas therapy (GT). Combined photothermal (PTT) and PDT can be achieved under irradiation with 808 nm near-infrared (NIR) light. At the same time, NO reacted with 1O2 to obtain more cytotoxic reactive nitrogen (RNS), which further improved the therapeutic effect. The experimental results show that ZIF@IN@HA has excellent photothermal conversion performance, photodynamic treatment effect and GSH responsive NO release performance. Modification of HA enables ZIF@IN@HA to be specifically targeted and enriched in tumor cells. Under the irradiation of 808 nm laser, ZIF@IN@HA can not only produce ROS, but also show excellent photothermal conversion performance. In the weakly acidic condition of the tumor, ZIF@IN@HA gradually degrades, releases prodrug Nic in situ, and further responds to GSH in the tumor microenvironment to achieve controlled release of NO. The reaction of NO with ROS can also be converted to more cytotoxic RNS, further improving the therapeutic effect. In conclusion, ZIF@IN@HA can achieve safe and efficient tumor treatment through the synergistic effect of PDT/PTT/GT.

Key words: Tumor tissue microenvironment, Reactive oxygen species, Nitric oxide, Tumor therapy, Biodegradation

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