应用化学 ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11): 1500-1509.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.250075
收稿日期:2025-02-26
接受日期:2025-10-09
出版日期:2025-11-01
发布日期:2025-12-05
通讯作者:
喻龙宝
Received:2025-02-26
Accepted:2025-10-09
Published:2025-11-01
Online:2025-12-05
Contact:
Long-Bao YU
About author:longbaoyu@ujs.edu.cn摘要:
以偏苯三酸酐、己二酸和新戊二醇为原料,二月桂酸二丁基锡为催化剂,采用二甲苯回流脱水缩聚反应工艺制备了未改性的水性聚酯树脂; 通过在单体原料中添加不同的功能单体,采用相同的缩聚反应工艺分别制备了聚己内酯二元醇改性的水性聚酯树脂和疏水改性的水性聚酯树脂。 考察了这些水性聚酯树脂在制备彩钢板白色面漆中的应用性能,实验结果表明: 在不使用分散剂或助溶剂的条件下,由未改性的水性聚酯树脂制备的彩钢板白色面漆贮存稳定性差,涂膜光泽仅为38%。 与之对比,由疏水改性的水性聚酯树脂制备的彩钢板白色面漆贮存稳定性好,涂膜光泽高达90%,并具有优异的力学综合性能: 划格试验0级,铅笔硬度3H,T弯1T,反向冲击100 kg·cm,杯突实验7.0 mm,涂膜性能达到或超过预涂卷材涂料标准(HG/T3830-2022)中相应的性能指标。 此外,扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测试结果表明,涂膜光泽与涂膜中颜料粒子的分散性密切相关,传统的聚丙烯酸盐分散剂会导致涂膜中颜料粒子发生团聚。
中图分类号:
周德法, 喻龙宝. 水性聚酯树脂的改性及其在彩钢板涂料中的应用[J]. 应用化学, 2025, 42(11): 1500-1509.
De-Fa ZHOU, Long-Bao YU. Modification of Waterborne Polyester Resin and Its Application in Color Steel Plate Coatings[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2025, 42(11): 1500-1509.
| Types of water-based polyesters | Unmodified | Polycaprolactone diol modified | Hydrophobically modified |
|---|---|---|---|
| The appearance of resin | Clear and transparent | Clear and transparent | Milky white |
| Mn | 1 478 | 1 725 | 1 579 |
| * Acid value/(mg KOH·g-1) | 128.79 | 130 | 104.2 |
| Solid content/% | 59.2 | 60.1 | 59.8 |
| Viscosity/(mPa·s) | 1 132.3 | 1 029.2 | 1 428.7 |
| Glossiness/% | 119 | 121 | 115 |
表1 水性聚酯树脂的技术性能指标
Table 1 The performances of the waterborne polyester resins
| Types of water-based polyesters | Unmodified | Polycaprolactone diol modified | Hydrophobically modified |
|---|---|---|---|
| The appearance of resin | Clear and transparent | Clear and transparent | Milky white |
| Mn | 1 478 | 1 725 | 1 579 |
| * Acid value/(mg KOH·g-1) | 128.79 | 130 | 104.2 |
| Solid content/% | 59.2 | 60.1 | 59.8 |
| Viscosity/(mPa·s) | 1 132.3 | 1 029.2 | 1 428.7 |
| Glossiness/% | 119 | 121 | 115 |
图3 (a)未改性水性聚酯树脂、(b)聚己内酯二元醇改性水性聚酯树脂、(c)疏水改性水性聚酯、(d)氰特303氨基固化剂和(e)固化后涂膜的FT-IR谱图
Fig.3 The FT-IR spectra of (a) unmodified waterborne polyester resin, (b) waterborne polyester resin modified with polycaprolactone diol, (c) hydrophobically modified waterborne polyester, (d) cyantec 303 amine curing agent and (e) the cured coating film waterborne
| Samples | S-1 | S-2 | S-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types of water-based polyesters | Unmodified | Unmodified | Unmodified |
| Dispersant | / | Sodium polyacrylate | BYK-190 |
| m(pigment)/m(resin) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Fineness/μm | ≤15 | ≤15 | ≤15 |
| Glossiness/% | 38 | 44 | 85 |
| Coating storage stability | A bit of layered water, hard precipitation | A bit of layered water, hard precipitation | A bit of layered water, soft precipitation |
表2 分散剂种类对水性聚酯彩钢板白色面漆涂膜光泽和涂料贮存稳定性的影响
Table 2 Influence of dispersant types on the gloss and storage stability of waterborne polyester white topcoat for color steel plate
| Samples | S-1 | S-2 | S-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types of water-based polyesters | Unmodified | Unmodified | Unmodified |
| Dispersant | / | Sodium polyacrylate | BYK-190 |
| m(pigment)/m(resin) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Fineness/μm | ≤15 | ≤15 | ≤15 |
| Glossiness/% | 38 | 44 | 85 |
| Coating storage stability | A bit of layered water, hard precipitation | A bit of layered water, hard precipitation | A bit of layered water, soft precipitation |
| Samples | S-4 | S-5 | S-6 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types of water-based polyesters | Unmodified | Unmodified | Unmodified |
| Co-solvent | DPNB | PM | PME |
| Dosage/% | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Pigment/Resin dry heavy | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Fineness/μm | ≤15 | ≤15 | ≤15 |
| Glossiness/% | 73 | 72 | 75 |
| Coating storage stability | A bit of layered water, soft precipitation | A bit of layered water, soft precipitation | A bit of layered water, soft precipitation |
表3 助溶剂种类对水性聚酯彩钢板白色面漆涂膜光泽的影响
Table 3 Influence of co-solvent types on the gloss of waterborne polyester white topcoat for color steel plate
| Samples | S-4 | S-5 | S-6 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types of water-based polyesters | Unmodified | Unmodified | Unmodified |
| Co-solvent | DPNB | PM | PME |
| Dosage/% | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Pigment/Resin dry heavy | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Fineness/μm | ≤15 | ≤15 | ≤15 |
| Glossiness/% | 73 | 72 | 75 |
| Coating storage stability | A bit of layered water, soft precipitation | A bit of layered water, soft precipitation | A bit of layered water, soft precipitation |
| Samples | S-7 | S-8 | S-9 | S-10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Types of water-based polyesters | Polycaprolactone diol modified | Hydrophobically modified | Hydrophobically modified | Hydrophobically modified |
| Pigment/resin dry heavy | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.75 | 1 |
| Fineness/μm | ≤15 | ≤15 | ≤15 | ≤15 |
| Glossiness/% | 72 | 90 | 85 | 78 |
| Coating storage stability | A bit of layered water, soft sediment | A bit of layered water, soft sediment | A bit of layered water, soft sediment | A bit of layered water, soft sediment |
表4 由改性的水性聚酯树脂制备的高光泽彩钢板白色面漆的性能
Table 4 Performances of the high-gloss white topcoat for color steel plate prepared from modified waterborne polyester resins
| Samples | S-7 | S-8 | S-9 | S-10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Types of water-based polyesters | Polycaprolactone diol modified | Hydrophobically modified | Hydrophobically modified | Hydrophobically modified |
| Pigment/resin dry heavy | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.75 | 1 |
| Fineness/μm | ≤15 | ≤15 | ≤15 | ≤15 |
| Glossiness/% | 72 | 90 | 85 | 78 |
| Coating storage stability | A bit of layered water, soft sediment | A bit of layered water, soft sediment | A bit of layered water, soft sediment | A bit of layered water, soft sediment |
| Performances | Indicator | Standard |
|---|---|---|
| State in the container | After stirring, there are no lumps, and it is in a uniform state | After stirring, there are no lumps, and it is in a uniform state |
| Non-volatile matter content/% | 58 | ≥55 |
| Fineness/μm | ≤15 | ≤25 |
| MEK-resistant wiping/times | 100 | 100 |
| Glossiness/% | 90 | Agreed |
| Hardness | 3H | ≥H |
| Impact (direct. reverse)/(kg·cm) | 100 | 90 |
| T-bend(T) | 1 | ≤1 |
| Grid test (Level) | 0 | 1 |
| Cup burst test/7 mm | No shedding | No shedding |
| Acid resistance | No abnormalities | No abnormalities |
| Alkali resistance | No abnormalities | No abnormalities |
表5 由疏水改性的水性聚酯制备的彩钢板白色面漆的性能
Table 5 Performances of the white topcoat for color steel plate prepared from hydrophobically modified waterborne polyester
| Performances | Indicator | Standard |
|---|---|---|
| State in the container | After stirring, there are no lumps, and it is in a uniform state | After stirring, there are no lumps, and it is in a uniform state |
| Non-volatile matter content/% | 58 | ≥55 |
| Fineness/μm | ≤15 | ≤25 |
| MEK-resistant wiping/times | 100 | 100 |
| Glossiness/% | 90 | Agreed |
| Hardness | 3H | ≥H |
| Impact (direct. reverse)/(kg·cm) | 100 | 90 |
| T-bend(T) | 1 | ≤1 |
| Grid test (Level) | 0 | 1 |
| Cup burst test/7 mm | No shedding | No shedding |
| Acid resistance | No abnormalities | No abnormalities |
| Alkali resistance | No abnormalities | No abnormalities |
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