应用化学 ›› 2026, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 77-86.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.250227

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

用于纺丝的聚丙烯均聚物的分级及链结构特点

高宇新1, 李瑞2, 闫明月2, 潘艳雄2, 王立娟1, 杨琦1, 姬相玲2, 刘巍2()   

  1. 1.中国石油天然气股份有限公司大庆化工研究中心,大庆 163714
    2.中国科学院长春应用化学研究所,高分子科学与技术全国重点实验室,长春 130022
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-03 接受日期:2025-08-25 出版日期:2026-01-01 发布日期:2026-01-26
  • 通讯作者: 刘巍

Fractionation and Chain Microstructure of Polypropylene Homopolymer for Spinning

Yu-Xin GAO1, Rui LI2, Ming-Yue YAN2, Yan-Xiong PAN2, Li-Juan WANG1, Qi YANG1, Xiang-Ling JI2, Wei LIU2()   

  1. 1.Daqing Petrochemical Research Center,Petrochemical Research Institute of PetroChina,Daqing 163714,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology,Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130022,China
  • Received:2025-06-03 Accepted:2025-08-25 Published:2026-01-01 Online:2026-01-26
  • Contact: Wei LIU
  • About author:wliu@ciac.ac.cn

摘要:

聚丙烯(PP)纤维在服装、婴儿尿布、无纺布口罩和土工布等多个领域具有广泛应用,用于纺丝的PP树脂需具有特定的链结构特点以满足纺丝工艺的特殊要求。 本文首先通过制备型升温淋洗分级(P-TREF)技术实现PP均聚物树脂(HPP)的有效分级,再利用13C核磁共振波谱(13C NMR)、高温凝胶渗透色谱(HT-GPC)和差示扫描量热仪(DSC)等多种表征手段测定各淋洗温度下级分的立构序列分布、等规度、相对分子质量及其分布、熔融温度等,旨在揭示用于纺丝的PP均聚物的链结构分布特点。 HPP主要由高温级分(110~125 ℃)组成,这些组分的质量分数之和高达91.21%,而低温级分(35~105 ℃)和极高温度级分(130~140 ℃)的含量均较低,质量分数分别为8.05%和0.73%。 110~125 ℃级分的质均相对分子质量为8.00×104~28.43×104,等规度为88.0%~93.4%,熔点为159.0~165.3 ℃,说明HPP主要由结晶能力很强的组分构成,这些级分中较长的结晶序列有助于分子链在纤维纺丝中的拉伸取向。

关键词: 聚丙烯, 纤维, 分级, 链结构

Abstract:

Polypropylene (PP) fibers have extensive applications in multiple fields such as clothing, baby diapers, non-woven fabrics, and geotextiles. The PP resins used for spinning need to have specific chain microstructure distribution to meet the special requirements of spinning process. In this paper, the effective fractionation of PP homopolymer (HPP) is achieved through preparative temperature rising elution fractionation (P-TREF) technique. A variety of characterization methods such as 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C NMR), high-temperature gel permeation chromatography (HT-GPC), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to determine the pentad distribution, isotacticity, relative molecular mass and its distribution, melting temperature of the fractions at each elution temperature, aiming to reveal the chain microstructure distribution of PP homopolymers used for spinning. HPP is mainly composed of high-temperature fractions (110~125 ℃) with a total mass percentage as high as 91.21%. In contrast, the contents of low-temperature fractions (35~105 ℃) and extremely high-temperature fractions (130~140 ℃) are relatively low, with a mass percentage of 8.05% and 0.73% respectively. The mass-average relative molecular mass of the 110~125 ℃ fraction is 8.00×104~28.43×104, the isotacticity is 88.0%~93.4%, and the melting point is 159.0~165.3 ℃. These results indicate that HPP is mainly composed of fractions with strong crystallizability. The longer crystalline sequences in these fractions contribute to the orientation of the chains during fiber spinning.

Key words: Polypropylene, Fiber, Fractionation, Chain microstructure

中图分类号: