应用化学 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 853-859.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.220366

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

烷基取代聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺的相对分子质量以及相对分子质量分布分析

杨林涛1,2, 李茂1,2()   

  1. 1.中国科学院长春应用化学研究所,高分子物理与化学国家重点实验室,长春 130022
    2.中国科学技术大学,合肥 230026
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-11 接受日期:2023-04-05 出版日期:2023-06-01 发布日期:2023-06-27
  • 通讯作者: 李茂

Molecular-Mass and Its Distribution Analysis of n-Alkylated Poly(p-phenylene terephthamide)

Lin-Tao YANG1,2, Mao LI1,2()   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry,Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130022,China
    2.University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China
  • Received:2022-11-11 Accepted:2023-04-05 Published:2023-06-01 Online:2023-06-27
  • Contact: Mao LI
  • About author:limao@ciac.ac.cn

摘要:

聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺(PPTA)的相对分子质量和相对分子质量分布直接影响芳纶纺丝性能。PPTA主链间的氢键作用使其难溶于氯仿等常用有机溶剂中,不能满足核磁共振波谱仪、质谱和凝胶渗透色谱法等测试要求。为了提高PPTA的溶解性,通过主链上N位接枝系列不同种类和取代程度的烷基侧链,得到可溶解的烷基化PPTA,考察了不同烷基种类和烷基化条件对相对分子质量以及相对分子质量分布的影响。乙基烷基化PPTA的取代程度可达98.6%,有利于得到多分散系数较低和更为准确的相对分子质量分布。根据马克霍温克方程,得到了特定黏度范围内重均相对分子质量与特性黏数的关系公式为[η]=9.96×10-3Mw1.08,对优化PPTA合成条件和改善芳纶纤维的性能提供了参考。

关键词: 聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺, 芳纶纤维, 烷基化, 相对分子质量分布

Abstract:

The molecular-mass and its distribution of poly(p-phenylene terephthamide) (PPTA) directly affect the spinning performance of aramid fiber. The hydrogen bonds between PPTA backbones make PPTA insoluble in common organic solvents such as chloroform, which cannot meet the test requirements of proton magnetic resonance, mass spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The soluble n-alkylated PPTAs are obtained by grafting a series of alkyl chains with different lengths and degrees of supersede on the N-position of PPTA backbones. The influence of alkyl lengths and alkylation conditions on relative molecular-mass and its distribution are further studied. Ethyl alkylated PPTA with the highest substitution degree of 98.6% enables to provide the lowest polydispersion coefficient and the more accurate molecular-mass distribution. The relationship between the average relative molecular-mass and the intrinsic viscosity in a specific viscosity range is obtained according to the Makhovink equation [η]=9.96×10-3Mw1.08. These results could be utilized for optimizing PPTA synthesis and improving the performance of aramid fiber.

Key words: Poly(p-phenylene terephthamide), Aramid fiber, Alkylation, Molecular-mass distribution

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