盾构渣土基碳复合陶粒的制备及除磷性能

doi:10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2017.02.160176

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以固体废弃物地铁盾构渣土、稻草秸秆和氧化镁为主要原料,通过烧结法制备了一种盾构渣土基碳复合陶粒。考察了陶粒吸附磷的主要影响因素及平衡吸附量,并采用模型对实验数据进行拟合分析。结果表明,当盾构渣土、稻草秸秆粉末和氧化镁质量比为7:2:1,在最佳烧结条件700 ℃烧结可得到除磷性能最佳的陶粒。当吸附pH=6.3时,陶粒具有较高的磷吸附性能。吸附在12 h内基本能达到吸附平衡,该过程适合准二级动力学方程。盾构渣土基碳复合陶粒对磷酸盐的吸附符合Temkin等温模型,随温度升高吸附量逐渐增大,40 ℃下最大吸附量为12.76 mg/g。热力学参数ΔH=5.64 kJ/mol>0,ΔS=8.00 J/(K·mol)>0,ΔG=3.16 kJ/mol>0,呈吸热、非自发的热力学特征,陶粒吸附磷后可通过2.0 mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液重新解吸回收。

关键词: 盾构渣土, 碳, 陶粒, 磷, 吸附

Abstract:

Composite ceramsite was prepared by sintering solid waste residue of shield residues, powdered rice straw and magnesium oxide. The effects of pH, sorption time and temperature were investigated. The results show that the optimal sintering temperature of the composite ceramsite is 700 ℃ with the mass ratio of shield residue to powdered rice straw and to magnesium oxide as 7:2:1. The optimum adsorption pH is 6.3, and phosphate can reach adsorption equilibrium within 12 hours. The Lagergren pseudo second order kinetics and the Temkin isotherm model fit the experimental data well. The adsorption capacity increases with increasing the sorption temperature, and the maximum adsorption of ceramsite is 12.76 mg/g at 40 ℃. The adsorption is confirmed as a nonspontaneous endothermic process according to the results of ΔH=5.64 kJ/mol>0, ΔS=8.00 J/(K·mol)>0, ΔG=3.16 kJ/mol>0. Meanwhile, the adsorbed phosphate on ceramsite can be recovered by using 2.0 mol/L NaOH.

Key words: shield residue, carbon, ceramsite, phosphate, adsorption

谢发之, 李海斌, 李国莲, 陈建利, 杨文, 汪雪春, 胡婷婷, 圣丹丹, 谢志勇. 盾构渣土基碳复合陶粒的制备及除磷性能[J]. 应用化学, 2017, 34(2): 211-219.

XIE Fezhi, LI Haibin, LI Guolian, CHEN Jianli, YANG Wen, WANG Xuechun, HU Tingting, SHENG Dandan, XIE Zhiyong. Phosphate Removal by Using Shield Residues/Carbon Composite Ceramsite[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2017, 34(2): 211-219.

参考文献

[1]	Welivita I,Wattage P,Gunawardena P. Review of Household Solid Waste Charges for Developing Countries-A Focus on Quantity-based Charge Methods[J]. Waste Manage,2015,46:637-645.
[2]	Khan D,Kumar A,Samadder S R. Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Municipal Solid Waste Generation Rate[J]. Waste Manage,2016,49:15-25.
[3]	Yang Y,Inamoi Y,Ojima H,et al.Development of an Advanced Biological Treatment System Applied to the Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Using the Sludge Ceramics[J]. Water Res,2005,39(20):4859-4868.
[4]	Yue Q,Zhao Y,Li Q,et al.Research on the Characteristics of Red Mud Granular Adsorbents(RMGA) for Phosphate Removal[J]. J Hazard Mater,2010,176(1):741-748.
[5]	LUO Peicong,LIU Yi,LUO Jun,et al.Preparation of Fly Ash Ceramsite with High Phosphorus Removal Efficiency Used for Filter Materials[J]. Chinese J Environ Eng,2012,6(11):3849-3854(in Chinese). 罗沛聪,刘怡,罗隽,等.用于水处理的高效除磷型粉煤灰陶粒滤料的研制[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(11):3849-3854.
[6]	JIANG Li,CHEN Jianyu,LI Xiaoming,et al.Adsorption of Phosphate from Wastewater by Fly Ash Ceramsite[J]. Acta Sci Circumst,2011,31(7):1413-1420(in Chinese). 蒋丽,谌建宇,李小明,等. 粉煤灰陶粒对废水中磷酸盐的吸附试验研究[J]. 环境科学学报,2011,31(7):1413-1420.
[7]	ZHU Hong,CHANG Zhizhou,HUANG Hongying,et al.High Temperature Burning of Straw Ash P, K Nutrient Change[J]. J Plant Nutr Fertil,2007,13(6):1197-1201(in Chinese). 朱红,常志州,黄红英,等. 高温焚烧对秸秆灰渣磷,钾养分变化的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报,2007,13(6):1197-1201.
[8]	Xie F Z,Wu F C,Liu G J,et al.Removal of Phosphate from Eutrophic Lakes Through Adsorption by in Situ Formation of Magnesium Hydroxide from Diatomite[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2013,48(1):582-590.
[9]	BAI Zhaoxing,CAO Jianfeng,LIN Pengyun,et al.Straw Biomass Combustion Dynamics Study[J]. Energy Res Inf,2009,25(3):130-137(in Chinese). 白兆兴,曹建峰,林鹏云,等. 秸秆类生物质燃烧动力学特性实验研究[J]. 能源研究与信息,2009,25(3):130-137.
[10]	LIU Mingwei,TANG Jinhua,XU Guoren. Content of MgO Style Changes Affect the Performance of Sludge Ceramsite[J]. J Heilongjiang Univ(Nat Sci,) 2013,30(5):628-634(in Chinese). 刘明伟,唐金花,许国仁.MgO含量变化对污泥陶粒性能的影响[J].黑龙江大学学报(自然科学版),2013,30(5):628-634.
[11]	SU Li,LI Huan,YU Jingkun. Magnesium Oxide Activity Relationship with Its Microstructure[J]. J Mater Metall,2007,5(4):308-311(in Chinese). 苏莉,李环,于景坤. 氧化镁活性与其微观结构的关系[J]. 材料与冶金学报,2007,5(4):308-311.
[12]	Qin J,Cui C,Cui X Y,et al.Preparation and Characterization of Ceramsite From Lime Mud and Coal Fly Ash[J]. Construct Build Mater,2015,95(1):10-17.
[13]	PENG Weihua,GUI Herong. Fiber Ceramsite as the Filler and Its Rapid Biofilm Culturing in Biological Filter[J]. Technol Water Treat,2012,38(8):76-79(in Chinese). 彭位华,桂和荣. 纤维陶粒作为填料在生物滤池中的快速挂膜[J]. 水处理技术,2012,38(8):76-79.
[14]	Apak R,Tutem E,Hugul M,et al.Heavy Metal Cation Retention by Unconventional Sorbents(Red Muds and Fly Ashes)[J]. Water Res,1998,32(2): 430-440.
[15]	Bothe J V,Brown P W. Arsenic Immobilization by Calcium Arsenate Formation[J]. Environ Sci Technol,1999,33(21):3806-3811.
[16]	Zhou J B,Yang S L,Yu J G. Facile Fabrication of Mesoporous MgO Microspheres and Their Enhanced Adsorption Performance from Aqueous Solutions[J]. Colloids Surf A,2011,379(1):102-108.
[17]	JIN Shiwei,ZAHO Shurong,ZHOU Wei. Magnesium Hydroxide Containing Phosphorus Wastewater Treatment[J]. J Wuhan Univ Eng,2012,34(8):19-23(in Chinese). 金士威,赵淑荣,周威. 氢氧化镁处理含磷废水[J]. 武汉工程大学学报,2012,34(8):19-23.
[18]	LIU Xiao,LI Xuelian,CAO Guoping. Adsorption Effect of Steel Slag Haydite on Phosphorus in Wastewater[J]. Ind Water Treat,2014,34(1):18-21(in Chinese). 刘晓,李学莲,曹国凭. 钢渣陶粒对废水中磷的吸附特性[J]. 工业水处理,2014,34(1):18-21.
[19]	Yu Y,Chen J P. Key Factors for Optimum Performance in Phosphate Removal from Contaminated Water by a Fe-Mg-La tri-Metal Composite Sorbent[J]. J Colloid Interface Sci,2015,445:303-311.
[20]	ZHAO Guiyu,ZHOU Qi. Shale Ceramsite to the Adsorption and the Dynamics of Phosphorus in Water[J]. Environ Pollut Control,2007,3(29):182-185(in Chinese). 赵桂瑜,周琪. 页岩陶粒对水体中磷的吸附作用及动力学[J]. 环境污染与防,2007,3(29):182-185.
[21]	Oladoja N A,Ololade I A,Olaseni S E,et al.Synthesis of Nano Calcium Oxide from a Gastropod Shell and the Performance Evaluation for Cr(Ⅵ) Removal from Aqua System[J]. Ind Eng Chem Res,2011,51(2):639-648.
[22]	Ünlu N,Ersoz M. Adsorption Characteristics of Heavy Metal Ions onto a Low Cost Biopolymeric Sorbent From Aqueous Solutions[J]. J Hazard Mater,2006,136(2):272-280.
[23]	DANG Zhi,YU Hong,HUANG Weilin,et al.Research Progress of Soil/Sediment Adsorption Mechanism of Organic Pollutants[J]. Chemistry,2001,64(2):81-85(in Chinese). 党志,于虹,黄伟林,等. 土壤/沉积物吸附有机污染物机理研究的进展[J]. 化学通报,2001,64(2):81-85.
[24]	SHU Yuehong,JIA Xiaoshan. CTMAB-bentonite Adsorption Mechanism of Chlorobenzene Compounds in Water-The Adsorption Kinetics and Thermodynamics[J]. J Environ Sci,2005,25(11):1530-1536(in Chinese). 舒月红,贾晓珊. CTMAB-膨润土从水中吸附氯苯类化合物的机理—吸附动力学与热力学[J]. 环境科学学报,2005,25(11):1530-1536.
[25]	ZHOU Weifeng. Three Kinds of Typical Soil Comparative Study on the Adsorption Mechanism of Polychlorinated Biphenyls[D]. Zhejiang University,2011(in Chinese). 周蔚凤. 三种代表性土壤对多氯联苯的吸附机理比较研究[D]. 浙江:浙江大学,2011.
[26]	KANG Lu,WU Jinggui,ZAHNG Jinjing,et al.Soil and Soil Minerals to the Class of Humic Acid Adsorption Desorption and Influencing Factors of Research[J]. J Environ Sci,2013,33(5):1332-1340(in Chinese). 康露,吴景贵,张晋京,等. 土壤及土壤矿物对类胡敏酸的吸附解吸及其影响因素研究[J]. 环境科学学报,2013,33(5):1332-1340.
[27]	Li J,Werth C J. Modeling Sorption Isotherms of Volatile Organic Chemical Mixtures in Model and Natural Solids[J]. Environ Toxicol Chem,2002,21(7):1377-1383.
[28]	Kim B T,Lee H K,Moon H,et al.Adsorption of Radionuclides from Aqueous Solutions by Inorganic Adsorbents[J]. Sep Sci Technol,1995,30(16):3165-3182.
[29]	DING Wenming,HUANG Xia. Progress of Studies on Phosphorus Removal From Wastewater by Adsorbents[J]. Tech Equip Environ Pollut Control,2002,3(10):23-27(in Chinese). 丁文明,黄霞. 废水吸附法除磷的研究进展[J]. 环境污染治理技术与设备,2002,3(10):23-27.
[30]	Cheng J,Li Y J,Zhang B,et al.Comparison of Quartz Sand, Anthracite, Shale and Biological Ceramsite for Adsorptive Removal of Phosphorus from Aqueous Solution[J]. J Environ Sci,2014,26(2):466-477.
[31]	Dubinin M M. The Potential Theory of Adsorption of Gases and Vapors for Adsorbents with Energetically Nonuniform Surfaces[J]. Chem Rev,1960,60(2):235-241.
[32]	Gen -Fuhrman H,Tjell J C,McConchie D. Adsorption of Arsenic from Water Using Activated Neutralized Red Mud[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2004,38(8):2428-2434.
[33]	YUE Qinyan,YUAN Aijuan,LI Qian,et al.Decoloration of Reactive Turquoise Blue by Acidified Sludge-Bentonite Granule[J]. Environ Sci,2009,30(5):1447-1492(in Chinese). 岳钦艳,原爱娟,李倩,等. 酸化污泥膨润土颗粒对染料活性翠蓝的脱色研究[J]. 环境科学,2009,30(5):1447-1492.