Research Progress in Nanoscale Magnesium-Based Hydrogen Storage Materials

doi:10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.240264

Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 293-312.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.240264

• Review •

Research Progress in Nanoscale Magnesium-Based Hydrogen Storage Materials

Liang XIONG¹(), Bing-Yang GAO¹, Cong LIU², Dong-Ming YIN²(), Zhen-Hua ZHANG¹, Zhi-Ya HAN¹, Nan DING², Yong CHENG², Li-Min WANG²

^1.The 718th Research Institute of CSSC，Handan 056027，China
^2.State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization，Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Changchun 130022，China

Received:2024-08-13 Accepted:2025-01-24 Published:2025-03-01 Online:2025-04-11
Contact: Liang XIONG,Dong-Ming YIN
About author:dmyin@ciac.ac.cn
xiongliang_1206@163.com；
Supported by:
National Science and Technology Major Project(2020YFE0204500);the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA0400304);Key R&D Projects of Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Development Plan(20230201125GX)

Abstract

Abstract:

Hydrogen energy is considered to be an ideal fuel that can replace fossil fuels and achieve carbon emission reduction goals. The development， utilization and modification of high-performance hydrogen storage materials are the key to the development of hydrogen energy economy. Magnesium hydride （MgH₂） has the characteristics of high mass hydrogen storage density， low cost， and environmental friendliness， and has attracted much attention in the field of solid hydrogen storage materials. However， the slow hydrogen absorption/desorption kinetics and high thermodynamic stability of MgH₂ limit its practical application to a certain extent. In recent years， a lot of research work has focused on the thermal/kinetic modification of magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials， and a lot of results have been achieved so far. This paper reviews the latest research progress on improving the hydrogen storage properties of Mg-based solid hydrogen storage materials by reviewing relevant literature at home and abroad， and focuses on the research status of nanoscale research methods on nanostructures of different dimensions in Mg/MgH₂ systems， aiming to provide insights and guidance for the development of advanced Mg-based hydrogen storage materials with excellent performance.

Key words: Mg-based hydrogen storage materials, Nanomaterials, Hydrogen storage performance

CLC Number:

O614.2

Liang XIONG, Bing-Yang GAO, Cong LIU, Dong-Ming YIN, Zhen-Hua ZHANG, Zhi-Ya HAN, Nan DING, Yong CHENG, Li-Min WANG. Research Progress in Nanoscale Magnesium-Based Hydrogen Storage Materials[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2025, 42(3): 293-312.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of crystal structure of metal Mg （A）， β-MgH2 （B） and γ-MgH2 （C）［19］

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of 0D spheres and clusters （A）， 1D nanofibers， wires and rods （B）， 2D films， plates， and networks （C） and 3D nanomaterials［24］

Fig.3 Hydrogen storage performance test chart of ultra-fine MgH2 nanoparticles：（A） TPD-MS；（B） TGA；（C） Isothermal TGA dehydrogenation at 200 ℃；（D） Isothermal TGA dehydrogention at 30 ℃；（E） Hydrogen nation with temperatare curves；（F） Isothermal hydrogenation curves；（G） Van't Hoff plot；（H） Arrhenius plots；（I） Cycling stobility［39］

Fig.4 （A） Schematic diagram of electrochemical formation of Mg particles，（B） XRD patterns，（C） HRTEM image，（D） STEM elemental mapping，（E） thermal stability，（F） hydrogen absorption kinetics and （G） hydrogen desorption kinetics［42］

Fig.5 SEM fracture sections of MgH2 films deposited at different substrate temperatures （Ts）［66］

Fig.6 AFM images show typical surface morphology of a 250 nm thick magnesium film［73］

Fig.7 Schematic diagram of hydrogen absorption mechanism of nano-Ti layer film［85］

Fig.8 SEM images of magnesium nanowires： sample 1 （A， B） 30~50 nm， sample 2 （C， D） 80~100 nm， sample 3 （E， F） 150~170 nm； TEM （G， H） and HRTEM （I） images of sample 1［100］

Fig.9 Schematic diagram of reaction energy barriers for hydrogen absorption and dehydrogenation reactions of Mg nanowires［100］

Fig.10 Schematic diagram of thermodynamic properties （A） and electronic structure among molecules （B）， nanowires （C）， and bulk （D） of Mg/MgH2［103］

Fig.11 （A） TEM image of the Mg colloid synthesized by electrochemical method；（B） Mass spectrometry of H2 desorption for the MgH2 （hydrided state） and the Mg colloids （non-hydrided state） at 85 ℃；（C， D） TG-DSC signals of the Mg colloid after H2 absorption （hydrided sate） and desorption （non-hydrided state）［106］

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Research Progress in Nanoscale Magnesium-Based Hydrogen Storage Materials

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