中华医学超声杂志

应用化学 ›› 1992, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (4): 87-90.

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

聚酰亚胺膜的分子结构与透气性能之间关系的研究 I.

李悦生, 丁孟贤, 徐纪平   

  1. 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所, 长春 130022
  • 收稿日期:1991-05-14 修回日期:1991-12-23 出版日期:1992-08-10 发布日期:1992-08-10

STRUCTURE/PERMEABILITY RELATIONSHIPS IN POLYIMIDE MEMBRANES

Li Yuesheng, Ding Mengxian, Xu Jiping   

  1. Changchun Institute of Applied Chemisty, Academia Sinica Changchun 130022
  • Received:1991-05-14 Revised:1991-12-23 Published:1992-08-10 Online:1992-08-10

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摘要： 膜法是近十余年来发展起来的一种新型分离技术,是分离混合气体最为节能的方法[1]。其关键是气体膜分离器,它的分离特性、使用条件和寿命主要取决于膜材料的选择。目前业上使用的高分子气体分离膜材料主要有聚砜、醋酸纤维素、改性聚苯醚、改性聚硅氧烷、聚酞胺和聚酞亚胺等,以聚酞亚胺的综合性能最佳[2]。它具有耐高温、耐化学介质、高强度和高气体透过选择性等特点,可制成高通量高分离度的不对称中空纤维膜,可不预先除掉待分离混合气体中有害杂质在高温高压下长期使用[3]。改变单体的化学结构可得到分离性能不同的聚酞亚胺气体分离膜[4]。本文研究了二醉的分子结构对聚酞亚胺均质膜透气性能的影响。

关键词: 气体分离, 膜, 聚酰亚胺, 氮, 氢, 氧

Abstract: Gas permeabilities and permselectivities for gas pairs H2/N2 and O2/N2 through a series of aromatic polyimide membranes, which were prepared from four different dianhydrides (e. g. BPDA, BTDA, TDPA, and DSDA) and two kinds of diamines (e. g. ODA and MDA), have been investigated. Systematic variations in chemical structure were found to lead to significant changes in permeability and permselectivity. The polyimide membranes based on BPDA with low permeability have the highest H2/N2 and O2/N2 separation factors. The polyimide membranes based on DSDA have simultaneously higher permeability and higher permselectivity.

Key words: gas separation, membrane, polyimide

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