静电纺丝纳米纤维在燃料电池质子交换膜中应用的研究进展

doi:10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2020.04.190230

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

保护环境,开发环保型能源,对人类和社会具有重要意义。质子交换膜燃料电池由于具有燃料转化率较高和无污染的优点,备受关注。静电纺丝纳米纤维具有比表面积大、高孔隙率和三维的相互连通的网状结构等特点,可以在燃料电池质子交换膜中得到广泛应用。静电纺丝纳米纤维类复合质子交换膜具有较高的质子传导率,较低的燃料渗透率,较好的化学稳定性能、热稳定性能和机械性能。本文首先介绍了质子交换膜燃料电池,然后从不同的离子型聚合物基质复合质子交换膜的类别出发,介绍了静电纺丝纳米纤维在Nafion、磺化聚酰亚胺(SPI)、聚苯并咪唑(PBI)、磺化聚醚醚酮(SPEEK)等不同种类的离子型聚合物质子交换膜中的研究现状及作用机理,同时对静电纺丝纳米纤维在质子交换膜的应用方面存在的问题及应用前景做了评论和展望。

关键词: 质子交换膜燃料电池, 离子型聚合物, 静电纺丝, 纳米纤维

Abstract:

Environment protection and environment-friendly energy development are very important for human and society. Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFCs) have attracted much interest due to their high energy conversion rate and pollution-free in recent years. The electrospun nanofibers show the specific properties, such as a high specific surface area, high porosity and fully interconnected three-dimensional network structure, and are one of feasible candidates for PEMFCs applications. The composite proton exchange membrane containing aligned nanofibers has the ability to achieve high proton conductivity, low fuel permeability in fuel cell and good chemical, thermal, and mechanical stabilities. In this paper, PEMFCs are introduced firstly, then, starting from the composite proton exchange membranes of different ionic polymer matrix, the application and mechanism of electrospun nanofibers in different kinds of ionic polymers such as Nafion, sulfonated polyimide (SPI), polybenzimidazole (PBI) and sulfonated polyether ether ketone (SPEEK) are introduced in details, and the main problems and the development trend are also discussed.

Key words: proton exchange membrane fuel cell, ionic polymer, electrospinning, nanofibers

付凤艳,程敬泉. 静电纺丝纳米纤维在燃料电池质子交换膜中应用的研究进展[J]. 应用化学, 2020, 37(4): 405-415.

FU Fengyan,CHENG Jingquan. Progress in Applications of Electrospun Nanofibers as Proton Exchange Membrane in Fuel Cells[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2020, 37(4): 405-415.

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