三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐/季戊四醇配比、协效剂组及表面改性对聚丙烯基木塑复合材料的膨胀阻燃影响

doi:10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2019.06.180339

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过极限氧指数(LOI)、线性燃烧速率(LBR)、热重分析和锥形量热分析等技术手段研究膨胀型阻燃剂(IFRs)中三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐(MPP)和季戊四醇(PER)的质量比、组成为m(MgO):m(可膨胀石墨,EG):m(SiO₂)=1:5:5的协效剂组(MgO/EG/SiO₂)和硅烷偶联剂(KH550)对聚丙烯基木塑复合材料(WPC)阻燃性能的影响。结果表明,当IFRs中m(MPP):m(PER)=23:2(IFRs-M1)、质量分数为25%时的阻燃性能最佳,膨胀阻燃复合材料WPC/IFRs-M1的LOI和LBR分别为27.1%和3.89 mm/min,较未添加的WPC分别提高48.1%和下降89.79%,燃烧时的热释放速率、总热释放量、总烟释放量和CO₂释放量分别降低了76.2%、50.1%、6.9%和65.4%,600 ℃时的残炭率提高了498.3%。协效剂组和KH550表面处理均可进一步改善WPC/IFRs-M1的阻燃性能,均对IFRs-M1具有良好的阻燃增效作用。相比于WPC/IFRs-M1,同时用这两种阻燃增效手段的WPC/IFRs-M1/MgO/EG/SiO₂/KH550,其LOI提高了3.7%,LBR降低了20.3%;材料的热稳定性明显提高,热失重降低;燃烧时的热释放速率、总热释放量、总烟释放量和CO₂释放量分别降低了36.5%、37.6%、57.5%和33.33%,600 ℃时的残炭率提高了84.02%,显示出二者更好的协同效应。

关键词: 三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐, 季戊四醇, 协效剂组, 木塑复合材料, 阻燃

Abstract:

The effect of the mass ratio and composition of melamine polyphosphate(MPP)/pentaerythritol(PER) in intumescent flame retardants(IFRs), synergist group MgO/EG/SiO₂ of which composition with m(MgO):m(expandable graphite, EG):m(SiO₂)=1:5:5, and the silane coupling agent KH550 on the flame retardancy of polypropylene-based wood-plastic composites(WPC) were studied by means of limiting oxygen index(LOI), linear burning rate(LBR), thermogravimetric analysis and cone calorimetry. The results show that when m(MPP):m(PER)=23:2 in IFRs(code IFRs-M1) and its mass fraction is 25%, the flame retardant performance is the best, and LOI and LBR of the intumescent flame retardant composite WPC/IFRs-M1 are 27.1% and 3.89 mm/min, respectively, which are 48.1% higher and 89.79% lower than those of the unadded WPC. Compared with the unadded WPC, the heat release rate and total heat release during combustion decrease by 76.2% and 50.1%, the carbon residue rate at 600 ℃ increases by 498.3%, the total smoke emission reduces by 6.9%, and the release of CO₂ drops by 65.4%. It also indicates that both the synergist group and KH550 surface treatment can further improve the flame retardant properties of WPC/IFRs-M1, and both have good flame retardant synergistic effect on IFRs-M1. Compared with WPC/IFRs-M1, LOI of WPC/IFRs-M1/MgO/EG/SiO₂/KH550 with both flame retardant means mentioned above is enhanced by 3.7%, and its LBR declines by 20.3%. At the same time, its thermal stability significantly improves, the thermal weight loss goes down, and its heat release rate and total heat release during combustion reduce by 36.5% and 37.6%, respectively. Its carbon residue rate at 600 ℃ increases by 84.02%, the total smoke release reduces by 57.5%, and the amount of CO₂ release reduces by 33.33%, indicating a better synergistic effect.

Key words: melamine polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, synergist group, wood plastic composite, flame retardant

朱德钦, 生瑜, 郑守扬, 童庆松. 三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐/季戊四醇配比、协效剂组及表面改性对聚丙烯基木塑复合材料的膨胀阻燃影响[J]. 应用化学, 2019, 36(6): 649-657.

ZHU Deqin, SHENG Yu, ZHENG Shouyang, TONG Qingsong. Effect of the Melamine Polyphosphate/Pentaerythritol Ratio, Synergist Group and Surface Modification on Intumescent Flame Retardants of Polypropylene- Based Wood-Plastic Composites[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2019, 36(6): 649-657.

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