应用化学 ›› 1997, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (3): 96-98.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

烷基膦酸二烷基酯的固-液相转移催化合成及其阻燃性能

王筱梅, 杨平, 蔡庆华, 鲍猛   

  1. 山东建筑材料工业学院应用化学系, 济南 250022
  • 收稿日期:1996-08-12 修回日期:1997-03-03 出版日期:1997-06-10 发布日期:1997-06-10

Solid Liquid Phase Transfer Catalytic Synthesis of Alkyl Phosphoric Dialkyl Ester andTheir Flame Retardancy

Wang Xiaomei, Yang Ping, Cai Qinghua, Bao Meng   

  1. Department of Applied Chemistry, Shandong Institute of Building Materials, Jinan 250022
  • Received:1996-08-12 Revised:1997-03-03 Published:1997-06-10 Online:1997-06-10

摘要: 烷基膦酸二烷基酯是一类具有实用价值的有机磷化合物, 可做为萃取剂[1]、阻燃剂[2]. 其分子结构中含P—C键, 具有抗氧化作用[3], 用作阻燃剂可提高材料的热稳定性和耐候性. 烷基膦酸二烷基酯可通过 Arburov 重排反应[4]或 Michaelis-Becker 反应制备[5]. Michaelis-Becker反应条件剧烈, 副反应多, 产品产率低. 用冠醚催化 Michaelis-Becker 反应可以实现在温和条件下合成烷基膦酸二烷基酯, 副反应少, 产率较高[6]. 本文使用季铵盐催化 M ichaelis-Becker反应, 用 KOH 代替金属钠合成了 8 种标题物, 产率 66%~89%. 本文还研究了烷基膦酸二烷基酯对环氧树脂和醇酸树脂的阻燃作用, 测试了标题物 d 对环氧 E-44 的拉伸伸长率, 初步研究结果表明, 烷基膦酸二烷基酯的阻燃与增塑性能都明显优于相应的磷酸酯类化合物。

关键词: 烷基膦酸二烷基酯, 合成, 相转移催化, 阻燃性

Abstract: Eight alkyl phosphoric dialkyl esters were synthesized by reacting potassium dialkyl phosphite with different halohydrocarbons in the presence of quaternary ammonium salt and KOH. Their structures were identified by IR and NMR. The mixtures of epoxy resin with phosphonates showed a better flame retardancy and plasticization than that with phosphates.

Key words: alkyl phosphoric dialkyl ester, synthesis, phase transfer catalysis, flame retardancy