应用化学 ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (7): 930-944.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.240427

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

热障涂层在大气环境下的腐蚀

曹学强1(), 曾佳敏2, 石瑶2, 袁颖菁2, 方向2, 杜广1, 邓龙辉1, 蒋佳宁1   

  1. 1.武汉理工大学硅酸盐建筑材料国家重点实验室,武汉 430070
    2.中国航发湖南动力机械研究所,株洲 412000
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-15 接受日期:2025-06-17 出版日期:2025-07-01 发布日期:2025-07-23
  • 通讯作者: 曹学强
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重点支持项目(92060201)

Corrosion of Thermal Barrier Coatings in Atmospheric Environment

Xue-Qiang CAO1(), Jia-Min ZENG2, Yao SHI2, Ying-Jing YUAN2, Xiang FANG2, Guang DU1, Long-Hui DENG1, Jia-Ning JIANG1   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China
    2.Hunan Aviation Powerplant Research Institute,Aero Engine Corporation of China,Zhuzhou 412000,China
  • Received:2024-12-15 Accepted:2025-06-17 Published:2025-07-01 Online:2025-07-23
  • Contact: Xue-Qiang CAO
  • About author:xcao@whut.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92060201)

摘要:

热障涂层(Thermal barrier coatings,TBCs)已广泛应用于航空、航天和地面燃气轮机等发动机热端部件的防护。 TBCs的结构通常是金属基底/粘结层/陶瓷面层。 常用的基底材料是镍基高温合金,基本组成是MCrAlY(M=Ni,Co),还添加少量强化元素如Re、W、Ta和Si等; 粘结层(Bond coat,BC)的基本组成也是镍基高温合金MCrAlY,但抗氧化元素Cr和Al含量比较高; 陶瓷面层以氧化钇稳定的氧化锆(Yttria stabilized zirconia,YSZ)为主。 TBCs生产完毕后,在大气环境下放置半个月以上,表面可能出现腐蚀斑点。 TBCs的腐蚀现象大多数发生在每年的5~7月多雨、潮湿和高温季节。 采用激光烧蚀-电感耦合等离子-质谱(Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy,LA-ICP-MS)分析了腐蚀斑点中的Ni、Co、Cr、Al、Zr和Y元素含量在TBCs厚度方向的分布,证明腐蚀斑点是BC的腐蚀产物向外扩散而形成的。 BC的Al含量比基底高,导致BC与基底之间的界面产生电偶腐蚀。 空气中的酸性污染物和封孔剂中的酸性杂质,是BC电偶腐蚀的电解质。 降低封孔剂中酸性杂质含量以及在喷涂封孔剂之前使TBCs保持干燥,是防止BC腐蚀的有效方法。

关键词: 热障涂层, 粘结层, 腐蚀斑点

Abstract:

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) have been widely used for the protection of high-temperature metallic components of aero, space and land-based gas turbine engines, and other weapons, etc. The structure of TBCs basically consists of metallic substrate, metallic bond coat (BC) and ceramic top coat. The substrate material is Ni-based super alloy MCrAlY (M=Ni, Co), usually some trace elements are added, such as Re, W, Ta, Si and so on. The metallic bond coat also consists of MCrAlY with much more Cr and Al for better anti-oxidation. The ceramic top coating is usually yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ). After deposition of TBCs and being stored in natural environment for longer than half a month, some corrosion spots could be observed. The corrosion phenomenon is more obvious in May to July with hot, rainy and humid environment. By means of Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (LA-ICP-MS), distribution of Ni, Co, Cr, Al, Zr and Y in the TBCs depth was analyzed, and the formation of corrosion spots is revealed to be a result of outward diffusion of corrosion products. BC has more Al than the substrate, leading to the Galvanic corrosion of BC. Acidic air pollutants or acidic impurities in TBCs pore sealer are electrolytes of Galvanic corrosion. Reducing acidic impurities and drying TBCs before the pore sealer spraying are effective methods to stop the BC corrosion.

Key words: Thermal barrier coatings, Bond coat, Corrosion spots

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