应用化学 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 118-127.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.230012

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

氧化石墨烯-DNA纳米探针用于三磷酸腺苷的检测与药物递送

张越, 梁蕊, 赵灿男, 李春梅()   

  1. 西南大学药学院,重庆 400715
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-19 接受日期:2023-04-05 出版日期:2024-01-01 发布日期:2024-01-30
  • 通讯作者: 李春梅
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(No.?22074124)、重庆市自然科学基金(No.?CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0521)和重庆市大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202210635349)

Construction of Graphene Oxide-DNA Nanoprobe for Adenosine 5-Triphosphate Detection and Drug Delivery

Yue ZHANG, Rui LIANG, Can-Nan ZHAO, Chun-Mei LI()   

  1. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China
  • Received:2023-01-19 Accepted:2023-04-05 Published:2024-01-01 Online:2024-01-30
  • Contact: Chun-Mei LI
  • About author:licm1024@swu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.?22074124)?, the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (No.?CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0521) and Chongqing Municipal Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates(S202210635349)

摘要:

癌细胞内三磷酸腺苷(ATP)浓度异常与肿瘤发生发展过程密切相关,因此,快速、准确地检测细胞内外ATP水平具有重要意义。盐酸阿霉素(DOX)是一种广泛使用的抗癌药物,能嵌入DNA碱基对,并通过抑制DNA复制和转录诱导细胞凋亡。氧化石墨烯(Graphene oxide, GO)由于具有毒性低、比表面积大和易功能化,可以有效、稳定地负载DNA纳米探针进入细胞等优点而被广泛应用。然而,复杂环境中的生物分子容易通过物理吸附竞争性结合到GO表面,导致假阳性信号。基于此,提出了一种新型的GO-DNA纳米探针,并将其应用于ATP的检测与抗癌药物DOX靶向递送。以ATP的核酸适配体与其互补链杂交形成双链DNA(dsDNA),并通过G-C碱基对负载DOX,利用互补链延伸的poly A序列吸附到GO表面构建了GO-dsDNA-DOX纳米探针,能极大程度地降低复杂环境中物理吸附引起的干扰,减少假阳性信号产生。ATP与适配体特异性结合会导致DOX释放,根据其荧光“off-on”实现ATP的定量分析,DOX荧光强度与ATP含量在0.08~8.0 mmol/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,线性方程为IF=3.0897c+129.08,检测限(3σ/k)为0.059 mmol/L,且方法具有良好的选择性和抗干扰能力。细胞毒性及荧光成像结果表明,负载DOX的纳米探针在人乳腺癌细胞(MCF-7)内有明显的药物释放,显著诱导细胞凋亡。该研究建立了一种免修饰、简单和快速的ATP含量检测分析方法,并利用癌细胞内高浓度ATP实现靶向药物递送,降低了对正常细胞的毒副作用,为癌症的治疗提供了新思路。

关键词: 三磷酸腺苷, DNA纳米探针, 氧化石墨烯, 荧光检测, 盐酸阿霉素, 药物递送

Abstract:

The abnormal concentration of adenosine 5-triphosphate (ATP) in cancer cells is closely related to the process of tumorigenesis and development. Therefore, rapid and accurate detection of ATP level in and out of cells is of great significance. Graphene oxide (GO) is widely used owing to its advantages of low toxicity, large specific surface area, easy functionalization, efficient and stable loading of DNA nanoprobes into cells. However, ssDNA bound to GO by physical adsorption is easily displaced by biomolecules in complex biological environment, leading to false positive signals. Based on this, a novel GO-DNA nanoprobe is proposed and applied to the detection of ATP and targeted delivery of the anticancer drug doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX). Double stranded DNA (dsDNA) is formed by hybridization of aptamer of ATP with complementary strand, and then DOX is loaded by G-C base pair to form dsDNA-DOX. dsDNA-DOX is adsorbed on GO surface through polyA sequence extended by complementary strand to construct GO-dsDNA-DOX nanoprobes, which could greatly reduce false positive signal caused by the physical adsorption of biomolecules in complex environment. The specific binding of ATP to aptamer can lead to the release of DOX, and quantitative analysis of ATP is achieved according to its fluorescence “off-on”. DOX fluorescence intensity shows a good linear relationship with the ATP content within the range of 0.08~8.0 mmol/L, and the linear equation is IF=3.0897c+129.08. The detection limit (3σ/k) is 0.059 mmol/L, and the method has good selectivity and anti-interference ability. Cytotoxicity and fluorescence imaging results show that the DOX-loaded nanoprobes have significant drug release in MCF-7 cells and significantly induce apoptosis. This study establishes a label-free, simple and rapid method for ATP content detection and realizes targeted drug delivery by the high content of ATP in cancer cells, which reduces the toxic and side effects on normal cells and provides a new idea for cancer treatment.

Key words: Adenosine 5-triphosphate, DNA nanoprobe, Graphene oxide, Fluorescence detection, Doxorubicin hydrochloride, Drug delivery

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