应用化学 ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 513-527.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.210331

• 综合评述 • 上一篇    下一篇

单原子催化剂在锂硫电池中的研究进展

王欣, 张冬(), 杜菲()   

  1. 吉林大学物理学院,新型电池物理与技术教育部重点实验室,长春 130012
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-08 接受日期:2021-10-19 出版日期:2022-04-01 发布日期:2022-04-19
  • 通讯作者: 张冬,杜菲
  • 作者简介:E-mail: dufei@jlu.edu.cn
    E-mail: dongzhang@jlu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21771086);吉林省教育厅“十三五”科学研究规划项目(JJKH20211034KJ)

Recent Progress of Single⁃Atom Catalytic Materials for Lithium⁃Sulfur Batteries

WANG-Xin, ZHANG-Dong(), DU-Fei()   

  1. Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries,Ministry of Education,College of Physics,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China
  • Received:2021-07-08 Accepted:2021-10-19 Published:2022-04-01 Online:2022-04-19
  • Contact: ZHANG-Dong, DU-Fei
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21771086);Jilin Provincial Department of Education “13th Five-Year” Scientific Research Project(JJKH20211034KJ)

摘要:

锂硫电池因其较高的理论比容量和能量密度而成为最有前途的下一代储能系统之一。然而,硫和放电产物硫化锂的低导电率、可溶性多硫化锂(LiPSs)的穿梭以及缓慢的反应动力学致使锂硫电池的循环寿命短、倍率性能低。近年来,研究表明具有强催化活性的单原子(SAs)是理想的LiPSs锚定中心和催化位点。用SAs修饰正极和隔膜有助于吸附多硫化物并催化其转化,修饰负极则可显著提高锂的剥离/沉积效率,抑制锂枝晶的生长。本文综述了SAs在锂硫电池中的研究进展,包括材料合成、表征方法以及应用方向。最后,对SAs应用在电池中所面临的挑战和未来发展方向进行总结。

关键词: 锂硫电池, 穿梭效应, 单原子, 多硫化物转化

Abstract:

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are one of the promising next-generation energy storage technologies due to their high theoretical specific capacity and energy density. However, in practical applications, low conductivity of sulfur and lithium sulfide, dissolution of polysulfides (LIPSs), and poor conversion of LIPSs to Li2S2/Li2S result in the short lifespan and low rate performance of Li-S batteries. Recent studies show that single-atoms (SAs) with superior catalytic activities are ideal anchoring centers and catalytic sites for LIPSs. Modification of cathodes and separators with SAs helps to adsorb polysulfide, improve reaction kinetics and inhibit the shuttle effect. In addition, introduction of SAs into the anode can significantly improve the reversibility of Li deposition/stripping and inhibit the growth of dendrites. In this paper, we review the research progress of SAs in lithium-sulfur batteries, including material synthesis, characterization methods, application direction and catalytic mechanism. Finally, the key challenges and future developmental trends of SAs are summarized and discussed.

Key words: Lithium-sulfur batteries, Shuttle effect, Single atom, Polysulfide conversion

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