廉价离子液体体系中玉米芯生成糠醛优化

doi:10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.210083

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用廉价绿色离子液体［TEA］［HSO₄］作为溶剂，利用微波加热法辅助玉米芯水解并脱水制备糠醛。通过响应面法优化糠醛生成反应条件，有效转换玉米芯中的木糖，并得到82.2%糠醛收率。利用2-丁醇作为萃取剂对糠醛进行回收。重复4次萃取实验，从［TEA］［HSO₄］中回收99.7%糠醛。在2次［TEA］［HSO₄］的回收实验中，分别有58.3%和63.2%的［TEA］［HSO₄］被回收。重复使用结果显示，副产物羟甲基糠醛（HMF）收率并无明显下降，糠醛收率从82.2%分别下降至52.2%和41.3%。本文提供了一种在廉价绿色离子液体体系中高效催化玉米芯生产糠醛的新思路。

关键词: 玉米芯, 糠醛, 羟甲基糠醛, 离子液体, 响应面法

Abstract:

A cheap green ionic liquid triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate [TEA] [HSO₄] was applied as solvent to prepare furfural by microwave heating assisted hydrolysis and dehydration of corncob. The reaction conditions of furfural formation are optimized by the response surface method (RSM), and the total pentose in corncob is effectively converted to obtain 82.2% of furfural. 2-Butanol is used as the extractant to recover furfural. After 4repeatedextractionexperiments, 99.7% of furfural is effectively recovered from [TEA] [HSO₄]. In the recovery experiment of [TEA] [HSO₄], 58.3% and 63.2% of [TEA] [HSO₄] are recycled after the first [TEA] [HSO₄] repeated experiment and the second [TEA] [HSO₄] repeated experiment, respectively. The results of the first and second recycling experiments in [TEA] [HSO₄] show that the yield of 5-hydroxymethylfulfural (HMF) does not decrease significantly, while the yield of furfural decreases from 82.2% to 52.2% and 41.3%, respectively. This experiment provides a new idea for the efficient production of furfural in corncob by catalytic conversion in cheap and green ionic liquid system.

Key words: Corncob, Furfural, Hydroxymethylfulfural, Ionic liquid, Response surface method

中图分类号:

O622.4

何欧文, 孙长富, 于宏兵. 廉价离子液体体系中玉米芯生成糠醛优化[J]. 应用化学, 2022, 39(02): 272-282.

Ou-Wen HE, Chang-Fu SUN, Hong-Bing YU. Optimization on the Production of Furfural from Corncob in Cheap Ionic Liquid System[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2022, 39(02): 272-282.

图/表 11

参考文献 37

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编号	生料	催化剂质量分数	反应时间	HMF收率Y₁	糠醛收率Y₂
Entry	Substrate	w（catalyst）／%	Reaction time／min	HMF yield Y₁／%	／% Furfural yield Y₂
1	木糖醇 ^b	0	30	1.7±0.4	16.8±1.7
1	Xylitol	0	30	1.7±0.4	16.8±1.7
2	木糖醇 ^b	0	120	2.5±0.9	14.6±2.2
2	Xylitol	0	120	2.5±0.9	14.6±2.2
3	木糖醇 ^a	0	5	2.9±0.5	20.3±1.2
3	Xylitol	0	5	2.9±0.5	20.3±1.2
4	玉米芯 ^a	0	5	5.8±0.4	3.1±0.1
4	Corncob	0	5	5.8±0.4	3.1±0.1
5	玉米芯 ^a	3.3盐酸	5	5.8±1.0	14.9±2.7
5	Corncob	HCl	5	5.8±1.0	14.9±2.7
6	玉米芯 ^a	3.3乙酸	5	4.3±0.1	4.9±2.7
6	Corncob	Acetic acid	5	4.3±0.1	4.9±2.7
7	木糖醇 ^a	3.3%盐酸	5	2.9±0.2	20.4±1.2
7	Xylitol	HCl	5	2.9±0.2	20.4±1.2
8	木糖醇 ^a	3.3乙酸	5	0.1±0.1	1.5±1.2
8	Xylitol	Acetic acid	5	0.1±0.1	1.5±1.2

编号	生料	催化剂质量分数	反应时间	HMF收率Y₁	糠醛收率Y₂
Entry	Substrate	w（catalyst）／%	Reaction time／min	HMF yield Y₁／%	／% Furfural yield Y₂
1	木糖醇 ^b	0	30	1.7±0.4	16.8±1.7
1	Xylitol	0	30	1.7±0.4	16.8±1.7
2	木糖醇 ^b	0	120	2.5±0.9	14.6±2.2
2	Xylitol	0	120	2.5±0.9	14.6±2.2
3	木糖醇 ^a	0	5	2.9±0.5	20.3±1.2
3	Xylitol	0	5	2.9±0.5	20.3±1.2
4	玉米芯 ^a	0	5	5.8±0.4	3.1±0.1
4	Corncob	0	5	5.8±0.4	3.1±0.1
5	玉米芯 ^a	3.3盐酸	5	5.8±1.0	14.9±2.7
5	Corncob	HCl	5	5.8±1.0	14.9±2.7
6	玉米芯 ^a	3.3乙酸	5	4.3±0.1	4.9±2.7
6	Corncob	Acetic acid	5	4.3±0.1	4.9±2.7
7	木糖醇 ^a	3.3%盐酸	5	2.9±0.2	20.4±1.2
7	Xylitol	HCl	5	2.9±0.2	20.4±1.2
8	木糖醇 ^a	3.3乙酸	5	0.1±0.1	1.5±1.2
8	Xylitol	Acetic acid	5	0.1±0.1	1.5±1.2

自变量	自变量范围水平
Factor	Range
Factor	－1	+1
X₁（反应温度Reaction temperature／℃）	80	120
X₂（反应时间Reaction time／min）	0	20
X₃（盐酸量V（HCl）／μL）	34	85
X₄（加热功率Heating power／W）	50	300
X₅（［TEA］［HSO₄］质量分数Mass fraction of［TEA］［HSO₄］）	80	90

自变量	自变量范围水平
Factor	Range
Factor	－1	+1
X₁（反应温度Reaction temperature／℃）	80	120
X₂（反应时间Reaction time／min）	0	20
X₃（盐酸量V（HCl）／μL）	34	85
X₄（加热功率Heating power／W）	50	300
X₅（［TEA］［HSO₄］质量分数Mass fraction of［TEA］［HSO₄］）	80	90

差异源	平方和	自由度	均方	F值	P值	?
Source	Sum of squares	Degree of freedom（df）	Mean square	F-value	P-value	?
Model	1312.95	20	65.65	2.44	0.018 2	Significant
X₁	138.01	1	138.01	5.12	0.032 6	?
X₂	129.29	1	129.29	4.80	0.038 0	?
X₃	310.82	1	310.82	11.53	0.002 3	?
X₄	1.17	1	1.17	0.04	0.836 8	?
X₅　X₁X₂	86.4012.01	11	86.4012.01	3.210.45	0.085 50.510 6	?
X₁X₃	49.01	1	49.01	1.82	0.189 6	?
X₁X₄	6.84	1	6.84	0.25	0.618 7	?
X₁X₅	16.82	1	16.82	0.62	0.436 9	?
X₂X₃	13.78	1	13.78	0.51	0.481 2	?
X₂X₄	1.36	1	1.36	0.05	0.824 0	?
X₂X₅	77.50	1	77.50	2.88	0.102 3	?
X₃X₄	0.28	1	0.28	0.01	0.919 4	?
X₃X₅	7.41	1	7.41	0.28	0.604 6	?
X₄X₅	10.81	1	10.81	0.40	0.532 2	?
	121.54	1	121.54	4.51	0.043 8	?
	132.15	1	132.15	4.90	0.036 1	?
	14.56	1	14.56	0.54	0.469 2	?
	221.62	1	221.62	8.22	0.008 3	?
	0.34	1	0.34	0.01	0.911 7	?
Residual	673.71	25	26.95	?	?	?
Lack of Fit	661.08	22	30.05	7.14	0.0651	Not significant
Pure Error	12.63	3	4.21	?	?	?
Cor Total	1 986.66	45	?	?	?	?