金属硫化物在可充电电池中的研究进展

doi:10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2020.12.200190

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 低成本、长寿命、高安全性、高性能且易于大规模生产的锂/钠离子电池已被证实为重要的二次储能设备。电极材料对锂/钠电池性能与循环寿命影响极大,金属硫化物由于具有高比容量和低电势而极具潜力成为锂/钠离子电池负极材料。在电化学循环过程中,由于金属硫化物容易产生穿梭效应和体积变化,从而电极材料结构被破坏,进一步导致电池容量衰退、稳定性降低。本文总结了多种金属硫化物的微观结构调控策略,从三维空间构建到与其它材料的复合,增强了电极的导电性和减缓体积变化带来的负面影响,进而获得性能优异的金属硫化物负极材料。通过对金属硫化物的结构与性能的讨论,对其研究前景进行了积极的展望。

关键词: 金属硫化物, 锂离子电池, 钠离子电池, 电化学性能, 构效关系

Abstract: Lithium/sodium ion batteries with low cost, long life, high safety, high performance and easy massive fabrication have become very effective secondary energy storage devices. For lithium/sodium batteries, the electrode materials have crucial influence on their performance and cycling life. Metal sulfides are regarded as potential anode materials for lithium/sodium ion batteries because of their high specific capacity and low potential. Metal sulfides show drawbacks, such as shuttle effect and volume change, resulting in structural deformation, together with decayed capacity and reduced stability. This review summarizes the research progress on the modification and properties of metal sulphide anode materials. Designing controlled complex structure and composite anodes enhances electronic conductivity and minimizes the effect caused by volume change, and thereby further to achieve better electrochemical performance. The structure-function relationship of metal sulphide materials is discussed and their positive prospects are proposed.

Key words: metal sulphide, lithium ion battery, sodium ion battery, electrochemical performance, structure-function relationship

中图分类号:

O613

惠康龙, 傅继澎, 高湉, 唐明学. 金属硫化物在可充电电池中的研究进展[J]. 应用化学, 2020, 37(12): 1384-1402.

HUI Kanglong, FU Jipeng, GAO Tian, TANG Mingxue. Research Progress of Metal Sulfides in Rechargeable Batteries[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2020, 37(12): 1384-1402.

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