膀胱癌液体活检的研究进展

doi:10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2019.04.180412

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

膀胱癌是一种高发病率和致死率的恶性肿瘤疾病,通常情况下在中后期才能被诊断出来,给患者带来了巨大的身心伤害。膀胱镜检查是膀胱癌诊断的金标准,但这种方法具有一定的侵入性,并且在膀胱癌的早期诊断中,灵敏度和特异性较低,容易出现较高的假阳性率。膀胱癌的发生会对血液和尿液的成分产生直接影响,因此非侵入性的液体活检将为膀胱癌的早期诊断带来新的检测方法。本篇综述介绍了基于液体活检的膀胱癌诊断方法的发展进程。首先,对膀胱癌的主要标志物进行了简单介绍。其次,重点总结了以液体(如尿液和血液)为检测对象的膀胱癌诊断方法和诊断机制。除此之外,我们对膀胱癌液体活检面临的机遇和挑战进行了阐述。我们希望这篇综述将为膀胱癌的液体活检提供指导。

关键词: 膀胱癌诊断, 液体活检, 紫外可见吸收光谱, 荧光光谱, 电化学发光, 电化学传感

Abstract:

Bladder cancer is a kind of malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality. Usually, it only can be diagnosed at the middle or late stage, causing serious physical and mental harm to patients. Cystoscopy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of bladder cancer. However, cystoscopy is invasive to some extent. The limited sensitivity and specificity of cystoscopy are also main barriers for achieving the required early and precise diagnosis of bladder cancer. The occurrence of bladder cancer would have a significant impact on the components of blood and urine. In this regard, non-invasive liquid biopsy shows great potential for realizing early bladder cancer diagnosis. This review describes the development of liquid biopsy-based diagnostic methods for bladder cancer. The main biomarkers of bladder cancer are briefly introduced. The diagnostic methods and mechanisms of bladder cancer with liquid(such as urine and blood) as the detection objects are comprehensively discussed. In addition, the opportunities and challenges of liquid biopsy for bladder cancer diagnosis are recommended. We hope this review will provide guidance for bladder cancer-based liquid biopsy techniques.

Key words: bladder cancer diagnosis, liquid biopsy, ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum, fluorescence spectrum, electrochemiluminescence, electrochemical sensing

曾波,杨雁冰,梁玲,袁荃. 膀胱癌液体活检的研究进展[J]. 应用化学, 2019, 36(4): 367-378.

ZENG Bo,YANG Yanbing,LIANG Ling,YUAN Quan. Recent Advances of Liquid Biopsy for Bladder Cancer Diagnosing[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2019, 36(4): 367-378.

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