钙蒙脱土吸附镧的影响因素及其应用

doi:10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2019.12.190077

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以钙基蒙脱土(Ca-MMT)为载体,研究其对镧(La)的吸附。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和元素mapping分析、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、BET、X射线荧光光谱分析(XRF)对其晶型结构、表面形态、比表面积、化学结构进行表征,考察了La的初始浓度、pH值、温度对Ca-MMT吸附镧性能的影响,考察了载镧钙基蒙脱土(Ca-MMT@La)的除磷效果。结果表明:Ca-MMT投入量为10 g/L时,Ca-MMT的平衡吸附量随镧的初始浓度增加而增大,最大吸附量为49.62 mg/g;随着pH值增大,吸附能力增强,pH=6时为最佳pH吸附镧条件,吸附量为38.36 mg/g;随温度的升高,其吸附量先下降再上升,20 ℃吸附能力最大,吸附量为41.23 mg/g。 Langmuir等温吸附方程推断其吸附属于单分子层吸附。 Ca-MMT不具有吸附磷效果,而Ca-MMT@La对磷酸根有很强的吸附能力,吸附量为7.24 mg/g,除磷率为72.41%,其除磷率随含镧量增大而增大。

关键词: 钙基蒙脱土, 吸附剂, 镧, 废水处理, 吸附效果

Abstract:

The adsorption of lanthanum on Ca-montmorillonite was studied. The crystal structure, surface morphology, specific surface area and chemical structure of Ca-montmorillonite were characterized by XRD, SEM, BET, Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR) and X-Ray fluorescence (XRF). The effects of initial lanthanum concentration, pH and adsorption temperature on the adsorption of La onto Ca-montmorillonite were examined when the mass concentration of Ca-montmorillonite was 10 g/L. The phosphorus removal effect of Ca-MMT@La was studied. The results showed that the adsorption of La onto Ca-montmorillonite increases with initial lanthanum concentration increasing, and the maximum adsorption capacity is 49.62 mg/g. With the increase of the pH of lanthanum-containing solution, the adsorption capacity increases and the optimum adsorption is obtained at initial pH 6 with the adsorption capacity of 38.36 mg/g. With the increase of temperature, the adsorption capacity increases firstly and then decreases. The maximum adsorption capacity of lanthanum is 41.23 mg/g at 20 ℃. The adsorption equilibrium was best described by the Langmuir isotherm model. The result indicated that La is adsorbed onto Ca-montmorillonite through the monolayer adsorption. Ca-montmorillonite can not adsorb phosphorus. However, Ca-MMT@La has a strong adsorption capacity for phosphate with the adsorption capacity of 7.24 mg/g and the phosphorus removal rate of 72.41%. The adsorption of phosphorus onto Ca-MMT@La increases with the increase of loaded lanthanum content.

Key words: Ca-montmorillonite, adsorbent, lanthanum, wastewater treatment, adsorption effect

周凤珍, 李文秋, 王文静, 郭惠玲. 钙蒙脱土吸附镧的影响因素及其应用[J]. 应用化学, 2019, 36(12): 1413-1421.

ZHOU Fengzhen, LI Wenqiu, WANG Wenjing, GUO Huiling. Influencing Factors of Lanthanum Adsorption by Ca-Montmorillonite and Its Application[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2019, 36(12): 1413-1421.

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