阻燃型聚乳酸基聚氨酯的合成与表征

doi:10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2016.01.150174

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以聚乳酸二醇、六次甲基二异氰酸酯和二溴新戊二醇设计合成出一系列阻燃型聚乳酸基聚氨酯。通过核磁、凝胶色谱和红外等表征了材料的结构性能。结果表明,二溴新戊二醇作为扩链剂可满足制备高相对分子质量聚氨酯的要求,材料的热学性能随聚乳酸二醇相对分子质量和硬段质量分数的增加而增加。同时该类聚氨酯具有较好的力学性能,拉伸强度在50 MPa附近,接近工业级别的聚乳酸。材料的阻燃性能随着溴质量分数的增加而增强。当溴质量分数为8.6%,聚氨酯的极限氧指数(LOI)为28,属于难燃级别材料。

关键词: 含溴阻燃剂, 聚乳酸, 聚氨酯

Abstract:

A series of retardant polyurethanes(PUs) was synthesized from polylactide diol, hexamethylenediisocynate(HDI) and 2,2-bis(bromomethyl)-1,3-propanediol(DBNPG). The properties of PUs were characterized by FTIR, ¹H NMR, mechanical test and GPC. The results show that DBNPG as a chain extender can meet the requirement of obtaining high molecular mass PUs. The longer chain of PLA and higher content of hard segment in PUs lead to an enhanced crystallinity of PUs. The tensile strength of PUs is close to 50 MPa, comparable to that of industrialized polylactide, showing a good mechanical property. The retardant ability of PUs increases with an increase of bromine mass fraction in PUs. Nonflammable PUs can be obtained when the mass fraction of bromine in PUs is beyond 8.6%.

Key words: brominated flame retardant, polylactide, polyurethane

杨立新, 胡秀丽, 黄宇彬, 景遐斌. 阻燃型聚乳酸基聚氨酯的合成与表征[J]. 应用化学, 2016, 33(1): 47-52.

YANG Lixin, HU Xiuli, HUANG Yubin, JING Xiabin. Synthesis and Characterization of Retardant Polyurethanes Based on Polylactide[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2016, 33(1): 47-52.

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