应用化学 ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (8): 1216-1223.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.210476

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

热塑性聚氨酯共混物的硬度与冲击性能的关系

张丹1,2, 刘芳2, 杨雪2, 许东华2(), 石彤非1,2()   

  1. 1.伊犁师范大学物理科学与技术学院,新疆凝聚态相变与微结构实验室,伊宁 835000
    2.中国科学院长春应用化学研究所,高分子物理与化学国家重点实验室,长春 130022
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-23 接受日期:2022-02-28 出版日期:2022-08-01 发布日期:2022-08-04
  • 通讯作者: 许东华,石彤非
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(22073093);吉林省科技发展计划支持项目自然科学基金(20200201239JC);高分子物理与化学国家重点实验室火花课题(2020-05)

Relationship Between Hardness and Impact Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Blends

Dan ZHANG1,2, Fang LIU2, Xue YANG2, Dong-Hua XU2(), Tong-Fei SHI1,2()   

  1. 1.Xinjiang Laboratory of Phase Transitions and Microstructures in Condensed Matters,College of Physical Science and Technology,Yili Normal University,Yining 835000,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry,Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130022,China
  • Received:2021-09-23 Accepted:2022-02-28 Published:2022-08-01 Online:2022-08-04
  • Contact: Dong-Hua XU,Tong-Fei SHI
  • About author:tfshi@ciac.ac.cn
    dhxu@ciac.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22073093);the Science and Technology Development Project of Jilin Province, China(20200201239JC);the Spark Project of State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry

摘要:

选取了2种分子组成相同硬度不同的热塑性聚氨酯(TPU),将二者共混后得到了不同硬度的TPU共混物,探究了TPU共混物的硬度与冲击性能的关系。通过落球冲击试验、感压纸测试和冲击前后样品表面温度测试对TPU共混物的冲击性能进行表征。当样品的硬度越低时,峰值冲击力越小,冲击持续时间越长,冲击时的最大应变越大,冲击时样品的受力面积增大,对应的冲击时的峰值应力值减小。不同硬度样品的能量耗散比差别不大,但随硬度降低呈现小幅度上升趋势。冲击后的样品表面温度较冲击前有所上升,说明样品通过热的形式耗散了部分能量,各硬度样品的温度差值较为接近,这与不同硬度样品的能量耗散比的变化规律是相似的。所有样品均具有较高的能量耗散比,TPU能耗散大部分冲击能量,具有良好的抗冲击性能。

关键词: 热塑性聚氨酯, 冲击性能, 能量损耗

Abstract:

Two kinds of thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) with the same molecular composition and different hardness are used to prepare TPU blends with different hardness. The relationship between the hardness and impact properties of TPU blends is investigated. The impact properties of TPU blends are characterized by the falling ball impact test, pressure sensitive paper test and sample surface temperature test before and after impact. When the hardness of the sample is lower, the peak impact force is smaller, the impact duration is longer, the maximum strain of the sample is larger, the maximum impact area of the sample increases, and the value of maximum stress decreases. The energy dissipation ratio of samples with different hardness has little difference, but it shows a trend of slight increase with the decrease of hardness. The surface temperature of samples after impact increases compared with that before impact, indicating that part of energy is dissipated by heat. The temperature difference of samples with different hardness is similar, which is similar to the change of energy dissipation ratio of samples. All samples have high energy dissipation ratios. TPU can dissipate most of the impact energy, and has good impact resistance.

Key words: Thermoplastic polyurethane, Impact properties, Energy dissipation

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