中华医学超声杂志

应用化学 ›› 2011, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (08): 942-948.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2011.00559

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

C/粉煤灰复合吸附材料的制备及表征

张德懿1,2*,马颖1,王毅1,2,冯辉霞2,雒和明2,满新伟2,郝远1   

  1. (1.兰州理工大学,甘肃省有色金属新材料省部共建国家重点实验室 兰州 730050；
    2.兰州理工大学石油化工学院 兰州 730050)
  • 收稿日期:2010-09-26 修回日期:2010-11-30 出版日期:2011-08-10 发布日期:2011-08-10
  • 通讯作者: 张德懿，讲师; Tel:0931-2973560; Fax:0931-2973648; E-mail:xixizhang@lut.cn; 研究方向：新型环境功能材料
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技部专项基金（2009GJG10041）；国家大学生创新性实验计划项目

Preparation and Characterization of a Carbon/Fly Ash Composite Adsorbent

ZHANG Deyi1,2*, MA Ying1, WANG Yi1,2, FENG Huixia2, LUO Heming2, MAN Xinwei2, HAO Yuan1   

  1. (1.State Key Laboratory of Gansu Advanced Nonferrous Metal Materials,
    Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050;
    2.College of Petrochemical Technology,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050)
  • Received:2010-09-26 Revised:2010-11-30 Published:2011-08-10 Online:2011-08-10

PDF

2151

被引次数

19 | 7

摘要：

以粉煤灰和蔗糖为原料,浓硫酸为炭化剂,制备了一种新型的C/粉煤灰复合吸附材料。 采用X光电子能谱、红外吸收光谱、场发射扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射及N2气吸附实验对所制备复合材料进行了表征。 结果表明，粉煤灰表面被类石墨态炭纳米颗粒所包裹,复合材料表面密集分布着大量的介孔,Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)比表面积SBET=5.4 m2/g,并且在该复合材料表面含有丰富的—SO3H、—COOH和—OH等含氧官能团。 考察了所制备的复合材料对典型阳离子型染料亚甲基蓝及重金属离子的吸附能力,结果表明，该复合材料具有优异的吸附性能,其对亚甲基蓝的吸附能力达到活性炭的83.7%,对典型重金属离子的吸附能力优于市售活性炭。 所制备复合材料可作为活性炭的一种替代品,用于水中有机染料和重金属离子的吸附处理。

关键词: 粉煤灰, 复合材料, 炭, 蔗糖, 吸附

Abstract:

Fly ash, a kind of industrial solid waste material produced during the combustion of coal in the electricity generation, was utilized to prepare a novel carbon/fly ash composite adsorbent with core-shell structures by a partial carbonization and sulfonation process. The prepared composite adsorbent was characterized with XPS, FT-IR, SEM, XRD and gas adsorption experiments. The results showed that fly ash was coated by graphite-like carbon nanoparticles. The carbon, oxygen, silica and sulfur are the main elements on the surface of the prepared composite adsorbent. Among them, the carbon and oxygen elements are the dominant superficial elements. An abundant of mesopores existed on the surface of the composite adsorbent. The Brunauer Emmett Teller(BET) surface area SBET is 5.4 m2/g. Meanwhile, an abundant of oxygen functional groups, such as carboxyl, hydroxyl and sulfonic groups, which were very effective in capturing cationic organic dyes and heavy metal ions and acted as the main adsorption sites of the composite adsorbent, were successfully introduced on the composite adsorbent surface. The adsorption capacity of the prepared composite for typical cationic dye methylene blue and heavy metal ions was also investigated and compared with activated carbon and fly ash under the same experimental condition. The results show that the composite adsorbent exhibits excellent adsorption performance. The adsorption capacity for methylene blue can reach about 83.7% of activated carbon adsorption capacity, and the adsorption capacity for heavy metal ions Cd2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cu2+ can reach about 104.3%, 131.1%, 170.5% and 127.3% of the capacity of activated carbon, respectively. The adsorption capacity for methylene blue and heavy metal ions is far more than that of fly ash. The prepared carbon/fly ash composite adsorbent can be used as a potential substitute of activated carbon for heavy metal ions or organic dyes adsorption in waste water.

Key words: fly ash, carbon, composite adsorbent, sucrose, adsorption

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