冷等离子体活化水构建抗菌高分子水凝胶用于皮肤感染创面的修复

doi:10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.250174

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

开发兼具高效抗菌和促愈合性能的新型伤口敷料对促进细菌感染性伤口的愈合具有重要的意义。本研究使用等离子体活化水（PAW）代替传统去离子水作为溶剂，通过丙烯酰胺（AM）与N-丙烯酰苯丙氨酸（APhe）的自由基共聚，发展了一种新型等离子体活化水凝胶（PAH）伤口敷料。 PAW中富含的活性氮氧物质（RONS）赋予水凝胶优异的抗菌性能，同时，水凝胶独特的三维网络结构和丰富的官能团为RONS的稳定负载提供了理想的载体。该水凝胶具有与皮肤组织类似的力学性能杨氏模量（15.2 kPa，断裂强度198 kPa，断裂伸长率1550%），适宜的组织粘接能力（粘接强度6.96 kPa）以及良好的生物相容性，并且对金黄色葡萄球菌（S.aureus）和大肠杆菌（E.coli）表现出高效的抑制率，可以满足感染性伤口敷料的关键需求。此外，该水凝胶对于S.aureus感染的皮肤伤口表现出明显的治疗效果。

关键词: 水凝胶, 冷等离子体活化水, 伤口敷料, 抗菌

Abstract:

The development of advanced wound dressings with high-efficacy antibacterial and tissue regeneration properties is of great significance for the healing of bacterial-infected wounds. Herein， we report a plasma-activated hydrogel （PAH） fabricated by substituting deionized water with plasma-activated water （PAW） during free-radical copolymerization of acrylamide （AM） and N-acryloyl phenylalanine （APhe）. The reactive oxygen/nitrogen species （RONS） derived by PAW endowed the hydrogel with excellent antibacterial properties， while the unique three-dimensional network structure and abundant functional groups of the hydrogel provided an ideal matrix for the stable loading of RONS. The PAH exhibited favorable mechanical properties similar to those of skin tissue （Young's modulus of 15.2 kPa， breaking strength of 198 kPa， elongation at break of 1550%）， appropriate tissue adhesion （adhesive strength of 6.96 kPa）， and excellent biocompatibility and it exhibited high efficiency of proliferation inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus （S.aureus） and Escherichia coli （E.coli）， which could meet the critical requirements of infectious wound dressings. In an in-vivo animal model， the PAH showed significant therapeutic effects on S.aureus-infected skin wounds. This work provides a novel strategy for advanced antibacterial dressings， offering a potentially more effective clinical solution for treating wound infection.

Key words: Hydrogel, Cold plasma activated water, Wound dressing, Antibacterial

中图分类号:

O631.5

尚清华, 张梦园, 郑皓天, 赵政, 李江涛, 成一龙. 冷等离子体活化水构建抗菌高分子水凝胶用于皮肤感染创面的修复[J]. 应用化学, 2025, 42(11): 1461-1471.

Qing-Hua SHANG, Meng-Yuan ZHANG, Hao-Tian ZHENG, Zheng ZHAO, Jiang-Tao LI, Yi-Long CHENG. Antibacterial Polymer Hydrogel Based on Cold Plasma-Activated Water for Infected Wound Regeneration[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2025, 42(11): 1461-1471.

图/表 6

图1 PAH的制备示意图及在促进感染性皮肤伤口愈合中的应用

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the preparation of PAH and the application in promoting the healing of infected skin wounds

图2 PAW的制备及理化性质分析。（A）PAW生成机制；（B）放电电流和电压波形；（C）冷等离子体射流放电的发射光谱；pH（D）、ORP（E）和电导率（F）随等离子体处理时间的变化规律； H2O2（G）、NO2-（H）和·OH（I）的浓度随等离子体处理时间的变化规律

Fig.2 Preparation and physicochemical properties analysis of PAW. （A） Illustration of the mechanism for PAW generation；（B） Waveforms of discharge current and voltage；（C） Emission spectra of the cold plasma jet discharge； Variation of pH （D）， ORP （E） and conductivity （F） of PAW with plasma-activated durations； Variation of H2O2 （G）， NO2- （H） and ·OH （I） concentrations in PAW with plasma-activated durations

图3 PAH的体外抗菌性能。与PAH-20共培养后琼脂板上存活的细菌照片（A）及S.aureus和E.coli的相对存活率（B）；与存储1、3、5、7、10 d后的PAH-20及PAW-20共培养后琼脂板中存活细菌照片（C）及S.aureus（D）和E.coli（E）的相对细菌存活率

Fig.3 In vitro antibacterial properties of PAH. Photographs of surviving bacteria on agar plates （A） and relative bacterial survival rates of S.aureus and E.coli （B） after co-culturing with PAH-20； Photographs of surviving bacteria on agar plates（C） and relative bacterial survival rates of S.aureus （D） and E.coli （E）after co-culturing with PAH-20 and PAW-20 for 1， 3， 5， 7 and 10 days

图4 PAH-20的力学性能和粘接性能。 PAH-20与DWH的拉伸（A）和压缩（B）应力-应变曲线及力学性能比较雷达图（C）； PAH-20（D）、DWH（E）的SEM图像及孔隙直径统计（F）；（G）PAH-20粘接于不同基质表面的照片及（H）与不同基质的粘接强度

Fig.4 Mechanical properties and adhesive properties of PAH-20. Tensile （A） and compressive （B） stress-strain curves and mechanical properties comparison radar chart （C） of PAH-20 and DWH； SEM images of PAH-20 （D） and DWH （E）and pore diameter statistics （F）；（G） Photos of PAH-20 adhered to different substrate surfaces and （H） adhesion strengths of PAH-20 with different substrates

图5 PAH-20促进感染性皮肤伤口愈合性能评价。（A）感染性伤口模型及治疗示意图；（B）不同治疗组感染伤口闭合的宏观照片及皮下组织匀浆液细菌培养的菌落照片；（C）伤口闭合率；（D）从不同治疗组提取的S.aureus的相对存活率

Fig.5 Evaluation of healing capability of PAH-20 in promoting infected wounds. （A） Schematic diagram of infected wound model and treatment；（B） Macroscopic photos of infected wound closure and bacterial colonies in subcutaneous tissue in different treatment groups；（C） Wound closure in different groups；（D） Quantitative bacterial survival rate of S.aureus extracted from different treatment groups

图6 PAH-20促进皮肤感染伤口愈合的组织学分析。治疗7、14 d后伤口组织的TNF-α免疫荧光染色（A）和半定量分析（B）；治疗7、14 d后伤口组织的CD31免疫荧光染色（C）和半定量分析（D）；（E）治疗14 d后，伤口组织的H&E和Masson染色图像；（F）治疗14 d后伤口组织胶原沉积半定量分析

Fig.6 Histological analysis of PAH-20 promoting wound healing in skin infection. Immunofluorescence staining （A） and semi-quantitative analysis （B） of TNF-α in wound tissue after 7 and 14 days of treatment； Immunofluorescence staining （C） and semi-quantitative analysis （D） of CD31 in wound tissue after 7 and 14 days of treatment；（E） H&E and Masson staining of wound tissue after 14 days of treatment；（F） Semi-quantitative analysis of collagen deposition in wound tissue after 14 days of treatment

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