应用化学 ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (12): 1679-1690.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.250082

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

多孔芳香骨架离子印迹聚合物的制备及对汞的超灵敏检测和高效去除

苏海迪1, 陈士欣1, 田英2, 曹祖银1, 周鸿飞3, 夏春龙3, 崔博4, 邵慧敏4, 布乃顺1(), 李丛3()   

  1. 1.辽宁大学环境学院,沈阳 110036
    2.辽宁省河库管理服务中心,沈阳 110055
    3.辽宁省抚顺水文局,抚顺 113005
    4.辽宁大学化学院,沈阳 110036
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-27 接受日期:2025-09-08 出版日期:2025-12-01 发布日期:2025-12-30
  • 通讯作者: 布乃顺,李丛
  • 作者简介:19692248@qq.com
    bunaishun@lnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31972522);辽宁省教育厅高校基本科研项目、沈阳市科技局社会治理科技专项、辽宁大学基本科研项目、辽宁大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目和抚顺水务局课题资助

Preparation of Porous Aromatic Framework-Based Ion-Imprinted Polymers and Their Application for Ultrasensitive Detection and Efficient Removal of Mercury

Hai-Di SU1, Shi-Xin CHEN1, Ying TIAN2, Zu-Yin CAO1, Hong-Fei ZHOU3, Chun-Long XIA3, Bo CUI4, Hui-Min SHAO4, Nai-Shun BU1(), Cong LI3()   

  1. 1.College of Environment,Liaoning University,Shenyang 110036,China
    2.Liaoning River and Reservoir Management Service Center,Shenyang 110055,China
    3.Fushun Hydrological Bureau of Liaoning Province,Fushun 113005,China
    4.College of Chemistry,Liaoning University,Shenyang 110036,China
  • Received:2025-02-27 Accepted:2025-09-08 Published:2025-12-01 Online:2025-12-30
  • Contact: Nai-Shun BU,Cong LI
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972522);the Basic Scientific Research Project of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education for Universities, the Social Governance Science and Technology Special Project of Shenyang Science and Technology Bureau, the Basic Scientific Research Project of Liaoning University, the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students of Liaoning University and the Research Project of Fushun Water Affairs Bureau

摘要:

采用离子印迹策略构建具有特定键合几何结构的汞离子识别空腔,通过Suzuki偶联反应定向锚定在多孔芳香骨架(Porous aromatic frameworks, PAFs)上,得到一种新型PAFs材料(命名为LNU-21)。 采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和比表面积(BET)等方法对LNU-21进行表征,详细研究了LNU-21的形貌、吸附特性以及Hg2?检测性能。 实验结果表明,LNU-21因其具备特定识别空腔、高孔隙率以及π共轭体系等特性,能够实现对水中Hg2?离子检测和吸附的双功能应用。 在Hg2?离子浓度仅为4.8×10-5 mol/L的条件下,LNU-21表现出高达80%的荧光强度猝灭率。 在干扰离子存在的情况下,LNU-21对Hg2?离子的选择系数为10.83(Hg2+/Cu2+)~16.07(Hg2+/Ba2+)。 此外,LNU-21对Hg2?离子吸附动力学曲线与拟二级动力学方程拟合一致,表现出典型的化学吸附行为。 吸附热力学曲线符合Langmuir吸附模型,表明汞离子的吸附为特征单分子吸附。 LNU-21对Hg2?离子吸附容量可达150 mg/g且具有良好的回收能力(5个循环后去除率仍超过86%)。 本研究为制备能够同步检测和去除Hg2?离子的多孔材料提供了新思路,为含汞废水的处理提供实验支撑。

关键词: 多孔芳香框架材料, 离子印迹, 汞离子识别空腔, 荧光检测, 汞离子去除

Abstract:

A novel porous aromatic framework material, designated as LNU-21, was constructed via an ion imprinting strategy to create specific binding geometric cavities for mercury ion recognition. These cavities were directionally anchored onto the framework through Suzuki coupling reactions. The material was comprehensively characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The morphology, adsorption characteristics, and Hg2+ detection performance of LNU-21 were thoroughly investigated. Experimental results demonstrate that LNU-21 exhibits dual functionality for simultaneous detection and adsorption of Hg2+ ions in aqueous solutions, owing to its tailored recognition cavities, high porosity, and extended π-conjugated system. At a low Hg2+ concentration of 4.8×10-5 mol/L, LNU-21 achieved a high fluorescence quenching efficiency of 80%. In the presence of competing ions, the selectivity coefficients for Hg2? ranged from 10.83 (Hg2+/Cu2+) to 16.07 (Hg2+/Ba2+), indicating exceptional specificity. The adsorption kinetics of Hg2+ onto LNU-21 followed a pseudo-second-order model, suggesting chemisorption-dominated behavior. The adsorption isotherm conformed to the Langmuir model, confirming monolayer adsorption with a maximum capacity of 150 mg/g. Moreover, LNU-21 exhibited excellent recyclability, maintaining over 86% removal efficiency after five consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles. This study provides a innovative strategy for designing porous materials capable of synchronous detection and removal of Hg2+ ions, offering practical potential for treating mercury-contaminated wastewater.

Key words: Porous aromatic framework materials, Ion imprinting, Mercury ion recognition cavity, Fluorescence detection, Mercury ion removal

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