应用化学 ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (11): 1774-1782.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.220109

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

凹凸棒土基纳米控失毒死蜱的制备及其应用

蔡冬清1, 张靖1, 吴庆川2, 叶静宏1, 汪林颖1, 王冬芳1()   

  1. 1.东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海 201620
    2.中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院,合肥 2300001
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-04 接受日期:2022-07-19 出版日期:2022-11-01 发布日期:2022-11-09
  • 通讯作者: 王冬芳
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院STS项目(KFJ-STS-QYZD-199);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2232020D-22);国家自然科学基金(52000025);广东省重点研发计划项目(2020B0202010005);内蒙古自治区重点研发计划项目(2021GG0300)

Preparation and Application of Attapulgite Based Nano⁃controlled Chlorpyrifos

Dong-Qing CAI1, Jing ZHANG1, Qing-Chuan WU2, Jing-Hong YE1, Lin-Ying WANG1, Dong-Fang WANG1()   

  1. 1.School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China
    2.Hefei Institute of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230001,China
  • Received:2022-04-04 Accepted:2022-07-19 Published:2022-11-01 Online:2022-11-09
  • Contact: Dong-Fang WANG
  • About author:dfwang@dhu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the Science and Technology Service Program of Chinese Academy of Science(KFJ?STS?QYZD?199);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2232020D?22);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52000025);the Key R&D Program of Guangdong Province(2020B0202010005);the Key R&D Program of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2021GG0300)

摘要:

为提高农药利用率,减少农药流失,降低农药对环境的危害,研究一种以凹凸棒土(Attapulgite, ATP)为载体、毒死蜱(Chlorpyrifos, CPF)为目标农药分子制备能够减少农药流失的纳米控失毒死蜱(Nano Loss Control Chlorpyrifos, NLCC),并通过滤纸和甘蔗叶片研究ATP对CPF的控失效果,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)等表征手段研究了纳米控失毒死蜱的附着机理。最后,通过大田试验探究其实际防治效果。结果表明,凹凸棒土能够通过氢键作用吸附毒死蜱,且凹凸棒土对毒死蜱的附着量在模拟降水前后分别提高5.4和5.6 μg; 凹凸棒土对毒死蜱的最大负载量为500 mg/g; 玉米螟死亡率在模拟降水前后分别提高了20%;在大田实验中施用NLCC的甘蔗虫株率降低了21%,虫节率降低了4.3%,虫眼数减少了2个/株,株高增加了23.1 cm,也表明纳米控失毒死蜱能够有效降低虫害并在一定程度上促进甘蔗生长。这种能够减少农药流失、提高农药利用率、降低环境污染的简单且具有广泛应用前景的方法,对病虫害防治和绿色农业发展有较好的实用价值。

关键词: 凹凸棒土, 毒死蜱, 控失, 氢键, 大田实验

Abstract:

In order to improve the utilization ratio of pesticides and reduce the harm of pesticides to the environment, nano loss control chlorpyrifos (NLCC) is fabricated by loading chlorpyrifos (CPF) on attapulgite (ATP). The loss control effect of ATP on CPF is studied by filter paper and sugarcane leaves and the interaction of NLCC system is studied by SEM, FT-IR, XRD, and so on. Furthermore, the loss control effect of ATP on CPF is also investigated by field test. These results show that ATP could adsorb CPF by hydrogen bonds and the adhesion amount of CPF before and after rainfall increases by 5.4 μg and 5.6 μg, respectively. The maximum loading amount of attapulgite to chlorpyrifos is 500 mg/g. In addition, the mortality of corn borers increases by 20% respectively. Moreover, the field test also shows that NLCC could reduce 21% of sugarcane damaged by pests, 4.3% of sugarcane stalks damaged by pests, and the wormholes of 2 per plant and increase the height by 23.1 cm. These results indicate that NLCC could effectively reduce pests and promote the growth of sugarcane. Therefore, this study provides a simple and practical method for reducing pesticide loss, improving pesticide utilization rate, and decreasing environmental pollution, which has a high application value for the development of green agriculture.

Key words: Attapulgite, Chlorpyrifos, Loss control, Hydrogen bonds, Field test

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