氢键型碳纳米管增强自修复复合材料的制备和表征

doi:10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2020.10.200112

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 使用低聚酸、二乙烯三胺以及尿素为原料,碳纳米管为增强剂,制备出兼具良好力学性能和室温(30 ℃)自修复性能的氢键型自修复复合材料,同时对材料通过氢键进行自修复的机制进行了合理推测。首先,对不同碳纳米管添加量的自修复材料进行应力-应变性能测试。结果发现,随着碳纳米管的添加,材料的应力、应变均有所提高,添加质量分数9%碳纳米管时,材料的应力达到4.1 MPa、应变达到6%以上。对添加质量分数9%碳纳米管的自修复材料进行表面形态、自修复性能以及热稳定性能测试。结果表明,碳纳米管与材料有良好的相容性,材料的表面与切面形态相似;在室温下自修复24 h,自修复效率达到100%;10次断裂-修复循环中自修复效率仍能保持90%以上;材料具有良好的热稳定性,最大失重速率下的温度为474.3 ℃。为下一代类皮肤传感器以及可穿戴智能设备提供了一种选择,为未来该类型自修复聚合物复合材料在高拉伸强度领域的应用奠定了技术基础。

关键词: 自修复材料, 碳纳米管, 氢键

Abstract: The hydrogen-bonded self-healing composites were manufactured successfully (dimer acid, diethylenetriamine, and urea as raw materials, and carbon nanotubes as reinforcing agents). The composites have good mechanical properties and can self-heal at room-temperature (30 ℃). The mechanism of self-healing was proposed in the paper. The stress-strain tests were performed on self-healing composites with different amounts of carbon nanotubes. It is found that the stress and the strain of the composites increases with the increased addition of carbon nanotubes. The stress of composites can reach 4 MPa and the strain increases more than 6% as 9% (mass fraction) of carbon nanotubes is added into the composites. The surface morphology, self-repairing performance and thermal stability of the self-healing composites with 9% (mass fraction) of carbon nanotubes were tested. The results show that carbon nanotubes have good compatibility with the material, and the morphologies of the surface and fracture surface of the cut composites are similar. The self-healing efficiency of composites can reach 100% at room temperature for 24 h. The self-healing efficiency is more than 90% after 10 fracture-healing cycles. The composites have excellent thermal stability, and the temperature at the maximum mass loss rate is 474 ℃. The composites provide an option for next-generation skin sensors and wearable smart devices.

Key words: self-healing polymer, carbon nanotubes, hydrogen bonds

程尹杰, 张路, 胡仁杰, 王莹, 金学昕, 仇硕, 张颢严, 姜大伟. 氢键型碳纳米管增强自修复复合材料的制备和表征[J]. 应用化学, 2020, 37(10): 1147-1155.

CHENG Yinjie, ZHANG Lu, HU Renjie, WANG Ying, JIN Xuexin, QIU Shuo, ZHANG Haoyan, JIANG Dawei. Preparation and Characterization of Hydrogen-Bonded Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Self-healing Composites[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2020, 37(10): 1147-1155.

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