应用化学 ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (9): 1321-1344.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.210521

• 综合评述 •    下一篇

钙钛矿光伏电池封装材料与工艺研究进展

王婷1,2, 魏奇1,2, 付强1,2, 李伟1(), 王世伟1,2()   

  1. 1.长春工业大学化学工程学院,长春 130012
    2.长春工业大学材料科学高等研究院,长春 130012
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-01 接受日期:2022-02-22 出版日期:2022-09-01 发布日期:2022-09-08
  • 通讯作者: 李伟,王世伟
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21204087);吉林省科技发展计划(20200403142SF);吉林省第十七批创新创业人才基金(2021Y002);长春市科技发展计划(21ZY39);吉林省教育厅产业化研究项目(JJKH20210766KJ)

Review of Perovskite Photovoltaic Cell Encapsulation Material and Technology

Ting WANG1,2, Qi WEI1,2, Qiang FU1,2, Wei LI1(), Shi-Wei WANG1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Chemical Engineering,Changchun University of Technology,Changchun 130012,China
    2.Advanced Research Institute of Materials Science,Changchun University of Technology,Changchun 130012,China
  • Received:2021-11-01 Accepted:2022-02-22 Published:2022-09-01 Online:2022-09-08
  • Contact: Wei LI,Shi-Wei WANG
  • About author:wswjldx2004@163.com
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21204087);Jilin Science and Technology Development Project(20200403142SF);the 17th Batch of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Talent Foundation of Jilin Province(2021Y002);Changchun Science and Technology Development Plan(21ZY39);Industrialization Research Project of the Education Department of Jilin Province(JJKH20210766KJ)

摘要:

钙钛矿太阳能电池作为第3代新概念太阳能电池,具有高光电转换效率、低成本和可柔性加工等优点,近年来发展迅速,其光电转换效率从一开始的3.8%增长到近期的25.5%,逐渐比肩硅电池,已接近商业化应用水平。目前,实现钙钛矿太阳能电池产业应用的关键环节在于电池封装,它不仅可以解决钙钛矿光伏器件稳定性问题,还可以实现电池安全、环保和延长使用寿命等要求。结合近十几年来钙钛矿光伏电池封装材料和封装工艺两方面的发展现状,文中介绍了钙钛矿电池封装领域取得的成果和存在的不足,讨论了目前现有封装技术的优缺点,以及它们适用的不同器件类型。着重在不同温度湿度条件下,比较了不同封装材料性能、封装工艺条件对钙钛矿电池效率及稳定性的影响,归纳出影响钙钛矿电池薄膜封装效果的3个关键因素: 聚合物的弹性模量、水蒸气透过率、加工温度。比较了不同聚合物薄膜封装材料适宜的加工温度、优缺点及加工成本。可以看出,随着钙钛矿光伏电池工业化需求的强烈增长和人们对其封装材料研究的不断深入,研究适合大面积生产和光伏建筑一体化的新型功能聚合物封装材料将是必然趋势。

关键词: 钙钛矿太阳能电池, 封装, 稳定性, 光伏建筑一体化

Abstract:

As the third generation of new concept solar cells, perovskite solar cells have the advantages of high photoelectric conversion efficiency, low-cost and flexible processing. They have been developed rapidly in recent years. Their photoelectric conversion efficiency has increased from 3.8% at the beginning to 25.5% in the near future. They are gradually comparable to silicon cells and have been close to the level of commercial application. At present, the key link to realize the industrial application of perovskite solar cells is battery packaging. It can not only solve the stability problem of perovskite photovoltaic devices, but also meet the requirements of battery safety, environmental protection and prolonging service life. Combined with the development status of perovskite photovoltaic cell packaging materials and packaging technology in recent ten years, this paper introduces the achievements and shortcomings in the field of perovskite cell packaging, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the existing packaging technologies, as well as their applicable different device types. Under different temperature and humidity conditions, the effects of different packaging material properties and packaging process conditions on the efficiency and stability of perovskite battery are compared, and three key factors affecting the packaging effect of perovskite battery thin film are summarized: elastic modulus of polymer, water vapor transmittance and processing temperature. The suitable processing temperature, advantages and disadvantages and processing cost of different polymer film packaging materials are compared. It can be seen that with the strong growth of industrial demand for perovskite photovoltaic cells and the deepening of people's research on their packaging materials, it will be an inevitable trend to study new functional polymer packaging materials suitable for large-scale production and photovoltaic building integration.

Key words: Perovskite solar cell, Encapsulation, Stability, Photovoltaic building integration

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