应用化学 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (9): 1259-1270.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.240124
• 综合评述 • 上一篇
收稿日期:
2024-04-15
接受日期:
2024-08-15
出版日期:
2024-09-01
发布日期:
2024-10-09
通讯作者:
孙欢利
基金资助:
Zhao-Yang DIAO, Li LIU, Chen-Ming LI, Huan-Li SUN()
Received:
2024-04-15
Accepted:
2024-08-15
Published:
2024-09-01
Online:
2024-10-09
Contact:
Huan-Li SUN
About author:
sunhuanli@suda.edu.cnSupported by:
摘要:
急性髓系白血病(Acute myeloid leukemia,AML)是最难治的恶性血液肿瘤,多发于老年人,死亡率居高不下。 化疗作为其主要治疗方案,易于耐药,毒副作用大,多数患者无法耐受。 尽管有多款分子靶向药物获批上市,通常需要与化疗药物联用,且体内清除快,剂量大,存在严重的剂量限制性毒性。 纳米药物,尤其是主动靶向纳米药物,由于可以提高药物递送效率,克服耐药,减少药物相关毒副作用,近年来在AML治疗中受到了广泛关注。 本综述总结了AML的常规治疗方案,详细介绍了近10年来纳米药物和主动靶向纳米药物在AML治疗中的研究进展,最后阐述了纳米药物用于AML治疗在临床应用的前景和挑战,希望为针对AML的纳米药物开发和进一步应用提供参考。
中图分类号:
刁兆杨, 刘莉, 李晨明, 孙欢利. 纳米药物在急性髓系白血病治疗中应用的研究进展[J]. 应用化学, 2024, 41(9): 1259-1270.
Zhao-Yang DIAO, Li LIU, Chen-Ming LI, Huan-Li SUN. Research Progress on the Application of Nanomedicines in the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2024, 41(9): 1259-1270.
图1 AML治疗史: 美国批准AML临床治疗方法的时间轴[14]
Fig.1 History of AML therapies: Timeline of approved clinical therapies in the United States for the treatment of AML[14]
图2 通过聚乙二醇-b-聚(4-硼-L-苯丙氨酸-co-L-酪氨酸)(PEG-b-P(BPA-co-Tyr))自组装制备共载ABT199和TW37抑制剂的聚合物纳米粒子(NPAT),用于AML协同治疗的示意图[43]
Fig.2 Schematic showing the preparation of ABT199 and TW37 inhibitors co-loaded nanoparticles (NPAT) from the self-assembly of poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-boronophenylalanine-co-L-tyrosine) (PEG-b-P(BPA-co-Tyr)) for synergistic anti-AML therapy[43]
Nanoparticles | Target | Ligand | Drug | Mouse model | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Polymeric prodrug | CD44 | HA | 6-Mercaptopurine | Subcutaneous OCI/AML-2 | [ |
HA-EGCG micelle | CD44 | HA | Sorafenib | Orthotopic AML-PDX | [ |
Liposome | CD44 | HA | Curcumin | Orthotopic KG-1 | [ |
Lipid-polymer hybrid Nanoparticle | CD44 | HA | DOX & gallic acid | Subcutaneous HL-60/ADR | [ |
Polymersome | CD44 | A6 | Vincristine sulfate | Orthotopic MV4-11-Luc | [ |
T22-GFP-H6 | CXCR4 | T22 peptide | Cytarabine | Orthotopic THP-1-Luc | [ |
T22-GFP-H6 | CXCR4 | T22 peptide | MMAE | Orthotopic THP-1-Luc | [ |
T22-mRTA-H6 | CXCR4 | T22 peptide | Ricin | Orthotopic THP-1-Luc | [ |
T22-DITOX-H6 | CXCR4 | T22 peptide | Diphtheria toxin | Orthotopic THP-1-Luc | [ |
Polymersome | CD71 | Transferrin | Volasertib | Orthotopic MV4-11-Luc | [ |
Ferritin | CD71 | Ferritin | Arsenic trioxide | Orthotopic HL-60-Luc | [ |
Ferritin heavy chain (HFn) | CD71 | HFn | Cytarabine | Orthotopic HL-60-Luc | [ |
Polymersome | CD38 | Daratumumab | Vincristine sulfate | Orthotopic Molm-13-Luc & MV4-11 Orthotopic Molm-13-Luc & MV4-11 | [ |
Polymersome | CD38 | Daratumumab | Volasertib | [ | |
Liposome | CD33 | Anti-CD33 scFv | GTI-2040 | Subcutaneous Kasumi-1 | [ |
Protamine vesicles | CD33 | Anti-CD33 antibody | DNMT3A/FLT3-siRNA | Subcutaneous OCI/AML2, KG1 & MV4-11 | [ |
Fusion protein | CD64 | anti-CD64 scFv | HO-1 siRNA | Orthotopic U937 | [ |
Lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticle | CD64 | anti-CD64 scFv | SnMP | Orthotopic U937 | [ |
表1 针对AML的主动靶向纳米药物
Table 1 Actively targeted nanomedicines for the treatment of AML
Nanoparticles | Target | Ligand | Drug | Mouse model | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Polymeric prodrug | CD44 | HA | 6-Mercaptopurine | Subcutaneous OCI/AML-2 | [ |
HA-EGCG micelle | CD44 | HA | Sorafenib | Orthotopic AML-PDX | [ |
Liposome | CD44 | HA | Curcumin | Orthotopic KG-1 | [ |
Lipid-polymer hybrid Nanoparticle | CD44 | HA | DOX & gallic acid | Subcutaneous HL-60/ADR | [ |
Polymersome | CD44 | A6 | Vincristine sulfate | Orthotopic MV4-11-Luc | [ |
T22-GFP-H6 | CXCR4 | T22 peptide | Cytarabine | Orthotopic THP-1-Luc | [ |
T22-GFP-H6 | CXCR4 | T22 peptide | MMAE | Orthotopic THP-1-Luc | [ |
T22-mRTA-H6 | CXCR4 | T22 peptide | Ricin | Orthotopic THP-1-Luc | [ |
T22-DITOX-H6 | CXCR4 | T22 peptide | Diphtheria toxin | Orthotopic THP-1-Luc | [ |
Polymersome | CD71 | Transferrin | Volasertib | Orthotopic MV4-11-Luc | [ |
Ferritin | CD71 | Ferritin | Arsenic trioxide | Orthotopic HL-60-Luc | [ |
Ferritin heavy chain (HFn) | CD71 | HFn | Cytarabine | Orthotopic HL-60-Luc | [ |
Polymersome | CD38 | Daratumumab | Vincristine sulfate | Orthotopic Molm-13-Luc & MV4-11 Orthotopic Molm-13-Luc & MV4-11 | [ |
Polymersome | CD38 | Daratumumab | Volasertib | [ | |
Liposome | CD33 | Anti-CD33 scFv | GTI-2040 | Subcutaneous Kasumi-1 | [ |
Protamine vesicles | CD33 | Anti-CD33 antibody | DNMT3A/FLT3-siRNA | Subcutaneous OCI/AML2, KG1 & MV4-11 | [ |
Fusion protein | CD64 | anti-CD64 scFv | HO-1 siRNA | Orthotopic U937 | [ |
Lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticle | CD64 | anti-CD64 scFv | SnMP | Orthotopic U937 | [ |
图3 A6多肽修饰的负载硫酸长春新碱的聚合物囊泡(A6-cPS-VCR)用于AML的CD44靶向化疗[51]Fig.?3 A6 peptide-functionalized vincristine sulfate loaded polymersomes (A6-cPS-VCR) for CD44 targeted chemotherapy of AML[51]A.Schematic illustration of A6-cPS-VCR for targeted inhibition of CD44-positive AML cells in mice; B.Bioluminescence images; C.survival curves of orthotopic MV4-11-Luc AML bearing mice after different treatments
图4 (A)ATRA外源刺激联合达雷木单抗导向的聚合物囊泡硫酸长春新碱纳米药物(DPV)用于AML CD38靶向化疗的示意图; (B)4种AML细胞系和(C)来自病人的AML原代细胞在ATRA刺激前后的CD38水平,hCD38(PE): 藻红蛋白抗人CD38抗体; (D)原位MV4-11小鼠经不同治疗后的生存曲线[59]
Fig.4 (A) Schematic illustration of exogenous ATRA in combination with daratumumab-directed polymersomal vincristine sulfate (DPV) for CD38-targeted chemotherapy of AML; CD38 levels in (B) four AML cell lines and (C) primary AML cells isolated from patients before and after ATRA stimulation. hCD38(PE): phycoerythrin anti-human CD38 antibody; (D) Survival curves of orthotopic MV4-11 AML bearing mice following different treatments[59]
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