新型离子液体1-烷基-3-甲基咪唑苯甲酰基三氟硼酸盐的合成与性质

doi:10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2019.10.190163

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

合成了新型离子液体1-烷基-3-甲基咪唑苯甲酰基三氟硼酸盐[C_nmim][BTB](n=4,6,8),并通过NMR、差热、热重等方法研究了其基础物化性质。结果发现,3种离子液体的分解温度在200 ℃左右;随着阳离子碳链的增长,离子液体的粘度、熔点逐渐升高,并从亲水性变为疏水性。尤其是疏水性的[C₆mim][BTB]和[C₈mim][BTB]在与水长时间的混合中表现出较好的稳定性,基本解决了四氟硼酸盐离子液体亲水性强、$BF^{-}_{4}$易水解的缺点,有望用于乏燃料后处理并提高临界安全。

关键词: 含硼离子液体, 酰基三氟硼酸盐, 疏水性, 稳定性

Abstract:

Three novel boron-containing ionic liquids(ILs), 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium benzyoltrifluoroborates([C_nmim][BTB], n=4, 6, 8), were successfully synthesized and some of their physico-chemical properties were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR), differential scanning calorimeter(DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA). It was found that their decomposition temperatures were around 200 ℃. With the increase of the length of carbon chain on the imidazolium ring, the melting temperature, viscosity and hydrophobicity gradually increased. [C₄mim][BTB] was hydrophilic, while [C₆mim][BTB] and [C₈mim][BTB] were hydrophobic. In particular, the later two were more stable when they mixed with water for a long time. In other words, the shortcoming of tetrafluoroborate ILs(i.e., strong hydrophilicity, especially the easy hydrolysis of $BF^{-}_{4}$) was overcome to great extent. Thus, it is hopeful for the two ILs to be used in the field of spent fuel reprocessing, which will effectively impove the critical safety.

Key words: boron-containing ionic liquid(s), benzyoltrifluoroborate, hydrophobicity, stability

郭一江, 陈庆德, 沈兴海. 新型离子液体1-烷基-3-甲基咪唑苯甲酰基三氟硼酸盐的合成与性质[J]. 应用化学, 2019, 36(10): 1186-1193.

GUO Yijiang, CHEN Qingde, SHEN Xinghai. Syntheses and Properties of Novel Boron-Containing Ionic Liquids 1-Alkyl-3-methylimidazolium Benzyoltrifluoroborates[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2019, 36(10): 1186-1193.

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