应用化学 ›› 2019, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1): 75-82.DOI: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2019.01.180034

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同形貌氧化镍纳米材料的合成及其电化学性能

符婉琛ab,李倩ab,冯冬冬ab,王伟ab*()   

  1. 长安大学a环境科学与工程学院化学工程系
    b旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室 西安 710054
  • 收稿日期:2018-02-02 接受日期:2018-05-24 出版日期:2019-01-01 发布日期:2019-01-04
  • 通讯作者: 王伟
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51678059)陕西省自然科学基金(2016JM5065)中央高校基本科研业务费(300102298202)资助

Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of NiO Nanomaterials with Different Morphologies

FU Wanchenab,LI Qianab,FENG Dongdongab,WANG Weiab*()   

  1. aDepartment of Chemical Engineering,College of Environment Science and Engineering
    bKey Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region,Ministry of Education,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054,China
  • Received:2018-02-02 Accepted:2018-05-24 Published:2019-01-01 Online:2019-01-04
  • Contact: WANG Wei
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51678059), the Natural Science Fundation of Shaanxi Province(No.2016JM5065), the Fundamental Research Foundation for the Central Universities(No.300102298202)

摘要:

以水-乙二醇为溶剂,以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为表面活性剂,采用溶剂热法合成了NiO纳米片,NiO纳米薄片通过自组装形成花状结构。 改变反应温度和溶剂,制备了NiO纳米立方体颗粒和NiO纳米球形颗粒。 用合成的NiO纳米材料制备工作电极,在6 mol/L的KOH溶液中利用三电极体系进行了电化学性能测试。 在电化学性能测试中进行了循环伏安测试、恒电流充放电测试和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)测试。 结果表明,NiO纳米片的比电容最高(在电流密度为0.5 A/g时比电容值为402 F/g),倍率性能最佳(0.5 A/g增加至4 A/g时有80.1%的电容保持率)。 在电流密度为4 A/g时对NiO纳米片进行1000次恒流充放电循环测试,比电容损失了9.7%。

关键词: 溶剂热, NiO纳米材料, 超级电容器, 电容性能

Abstract:

NiO nanosheets have been synthesized via a facile solvothermal route using water-ethylene glycol as solvent and polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP) as surfactant. These NiO nanosheets were interweaved with each other to form hierarchical flower-shaped structures. Nanocubes and nanospheres were also obtained through changing the reaction temperature and solvent. The electrochemical tests were conducted using a three-electrode system in 6 mol/L KOH with the as-synthesized NiO as the working electrode. Electrochemical properties were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. NiO nanosheets exhibit the highest specific capacitance(402 F/g at current density of 0.5 A/g) and the best rate capability(80.1% capacitance retention from 0.5 A/g to 4 A/g). NiO nanosheets also show excellent cycle stability, only lost 9.7% after 1000 cycles.

Key words: solvothermal, NiO nanomaterials, supercapacitors, capacitive performance