应用化学 ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (10): 1335-1348.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.250219

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于超支化聚赖氨酸的mRNA递送载体

齐翊博1,2, 吕坤城1,2, 王译伟1,2, 宋万通1,2(), 季生象1,2(), 陈学思1,2()   

  1. 1.中国科学院长春应用化学研究所,高分子科学与技术全国重点实验室,长春 130022
    2.中国科学技术大学应用化学与工程学院,合肥 230026
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-28 接受日期:2025-08-19 出版日期:2025-10-01 发布日期:2025-10-29
  • 通讯作者: 宋万通,季生象,陈学思
  • 基金资助:
    科技部重点研究计划项目(2024YFA1212200);科技部重点研究计划项目(2024YFB3814800);国家自然科学基金(22222509);吉林省生物医用高分子材料国际合作重点实验室(YDZJ202402077CXJD)

Hyperbranched Polylysine-Based mRNA Delivery Carrier Optimization and Evaluation

Yi-Bo QI1,2, Kun-Cheng LYU1,2, Yi-Wei WANG1,2, Wan-Tong SONG1,2(), Sheng-Xiang JI1,2(), Xue-Si CHEN1,2()   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology,Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130022,China
    2.School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China
  • Received:2025-05-28 Accepted:2025-08-19 Published:2025-10-01 Online:2025-10-29
  • Contact: Wan-Tong SONG,Sheng-Xiang JI,Xue-Si CHEN
  • About author:xschen@ciac.ac.cn
    sji@ciac.ac.cn
    wtsong@ciac.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFA1212200);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22222509);Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymer Materials for International Cooperation(YDZJ202402077CXJD)

摘要:

超支化聚赖氨酸(Hyperbranched polylysine, HPL)是一种制备简单且价格低廉的合成高分子材料,同时其生物相容性极好,但是作为mRNA递送载体,转染效率不佳。 本研究通过简单且系统性的化学修饰策略建立基于HPL的材料文库,通过氨基-环氧开环反应、Michael加成反应及氨基-磷戊烷开环反应,分别将含有疏水基团的1,2-环氧化合物(En、Fx)、丙烯酸酯(Ay)以及烷基化二氧磷杂环戊烷(Pm)小分子化合物引入HPL三维骨架,筛选出具有高效转染性能的mRNA递送载体。 实验结果表明,修饰环氧丙烷(E3)的HPL-E3为HPL-En系列中的最佳材料,较未修饰HPL提升1.8倍; 修饰3-(全氟正丁基)-1,2-环氧丙烷(F9)的HPL-F9为HPL-Fx系列的最佳材料,较未修饰HPL提升272.4倍; 修饰丙烯酸十二烷基酯(A12)的HPL-A12为HPL-Ay系列的最佳材料,较未修饰HPL提升3246倍; 修饰2-正辛氧基-2-氧-1,3,2-二氧磷杂环戊烷(P8)的HPL-P8为HPL-Pm系列的最佳材料,较未修饰HPL提升75.0倍。 这种极简的一步法合成策略,一方面可以引入适当长度的疏水链段,从而增强细胞摄取,另一方面可将HPL上的伯胺转化为仲胺或叔胺,从而提高其内涵体逃逸能力,为mRNA递送载体的构建提供了新方法。

关键词: 超支化聚赖氨酸, mRNA递送, 环氧化合物, 丙烯酸酯, 烷基化二氧磷杂环戊烷

Abstract:

Hyperbranched polylysine (HPL) is a synthetic polymer material that is simple to prepare and inexpensive, with excellent biocompatibility. However, its transfection efficiency is not good when used as an mRNA delivery carrier. In this study, a HPL material library was established through a simple and systematic chemical modification strategy. Through amino-epoxide ring-opening reactions, Michael addition reactions, and amino-phospholane ring-opening reactions, small molecules containing hydrophobic groups such as 1,2-epoxides, acrylates, and alkylated dioxyphosphoranes were introduced into the three-dimensional backbone of HPL, and mRNA delivery carriers with high transfection efficiency were screened. Experimental results showed that HPL modified with propylene oxide (E3), HPL-E3, was the best material in the HPL-En series, with a 1.8-fold increase compared to unmodified HPL; HPL modified with 3-(perfluorobutyl)-1,2-epoxide (F9), HPL-F9, was the best material in the HPL-Fx series, with a 272.4-fold increase compared to unmodified HPL; HPL modified with dodecyl acrylate (A12), HPL-A12, was the best material in the HPL-Ay series, with a 3246-fold increase compared to unmodified HPL; and HPL modified with 2-octyloxy-2-oxy-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (P8), HPL-P8, was the best material in the HPL-Pm series, with a 75.0-fold increase compared to unmodified HPL. This minimalist one-step synthesis strategy can introduce hydrophobic chain segments of appropriate lengths to enhance cell uptake, and can also convert primary amines on HPL to secondary or tertiary amines, thereby enhancing their endosomal escape capability, providing a new method for the construction of mRNA delivery carriers.

Key words: Hyperbranched polylysine, mRNA delivery, Epoxy compound, Acrylate ester, Alkylated dioxyphosphorinane

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