应用化学 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 420-429.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.220235
收稿日期:
2022-07-08
接受日期:
2023-02-19
出版日期:
2023-03-01
发布日期:
2023-03-27
通讯作者:
刘长宇,徐晓龙
基金资助:
Bo XIONG, Tai-Hua LI, Wu-Ping ZHOU, Chang-Yu LIU(), Xiao-Long XU()
Received:
2022-07-08
Accepted:
2023-02-19
Published:
2023-03-01
Online:
2023-03-27
Contact:
Chang-Yu LIU,Xiao-Long XU
About author:
xyxl@wyu.edu.cnSupported by:
摘要:
用一步热聚合法制备了一种铜改性的石墨氮化碳吸附剂,并研究了其对甲基橙的吸附性能。以氧化亚铜、双氰胺为前驱体,以氯化胺作为气体模板,在高温下引发聚合获得了铜改性的石墨氮化碳吸附剂(Cu2O/CuO-g-C3N4)。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)及全自动比表面及孔隙度分析(BET)等对所制备吸附剂的组成和结构进行了表征,结果表明,该吸附剂由Cu、C、N和O共4种元素组成具有介孔结构的层状材料。引入铜氧化物以后,有效地扩展了g-C3N4的π共轭体系,有利于通过π-π作用吸附带有苯环结构的染料; Cu2O/CuO-g-C3N4吸附剂具有多种孔径的介孔结构增大了其比表面积,为染料的吸附提供了足够的活性位点。通过优化吸附剂的制备条件、投加量、染料浓度、吸附时间、搅拌转速和pH等参数后,获得在最优条件下对甲基橙溶液的吸附率仅需25 min即可达到96.11%。进一步地,在常温常压下,通过动力学分析,该吸附过程更倾向于准一阶动力学模型;通过吸附等温实验验证,该吸附等温线属于Langmuir吸附等温线,在整个吸附实验中,最大平衡吸附容量为241.25 mg/g。
中图分类号:
熊波, 黎泰华, 周武平, 刘长宇, 徐晓龙. 一步热聚合法制备Cu2O/CuO-g-C3N4吸附剂及其对甲基橙吸附的性能[J]. 应用化学, 2023, 40(3): 420-429.
Bo XIONG, Tai-Hua LI, Wu-Ping ZHOU, Chang-Yu LIU, Xiao-Long XU. Preparation of Cu2O/CuO-g-C3N4 Adsorbent by One-step Thermal Polymerization and Adsorption Properties for Methyl Orange[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2023, 40(3): 420-429.
图4 Cu2O/CuO-g-C3N4的氮吸附-解吸等温线和孔径分布曲线(内插图)
Fig.4 Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm and the pore-size distribution curve (inset) of Cu2O/CuO-g-C3N4
图5 不同(A)吸附剂、(B)聚合温度、(C)Cu2O用量(w%为前体中Cu2O的质量分数)和(D)500 ℃聚合持续时间的吸附效率(在100 mL 30 mg/L MO溶液中加入20 mg吸附剂,pH = 6.0,1400 r/min)
Fig.5 Adsorption efficiency for different (A) adsorbents, (B) polymerization temperature, (C) Cu2O dosage(w% is mass fraction of Cu2O in precursor) and (D) polymerization duration at 500 ℃ (20 mg adsorbent added into 100 mL 30 mg/L MO solution, pH = 6.0, 1400 r/min)
图6 不同吸附时间的30 mg/L MO溶液的紫外-可见光谱(A)和照片(插图); (B) 不同MO浓度下的吸附效率(在100 mL MO溶液中加入20 mg吸附剂, pH = 6.0,磁力搅拌1400 r/min)
Fig.6 UV-Vis spectra (A) and photos (inset) of 30 mg/L MO solution with different adsorption duration; (B) adsorption efficiency with different MO concentration (20 mg adsorbent added into 100 mL MO solution, pH=6.0, 1400 r/min)
Graphene-based nanomaterial | Qe/(mg·g-1) | Ref. |
---|---|---|
PmPD/rGO/Nickle ferrite | 136 | [ |
Al-doped CNTs | 69.70 | [ |
Cu-Mo MOFs | 48.13 | [ |
Clay | 41.67 | [ |
Nitrogen-doped graphene gels | 232 | [ |
rGO | 224 | [ |
Cu2O/CuO-g-C3N4 | 241.25 | This work |
表1 本工作与参考文献的平衡吸附量比较
Table 1 Equilibrium adsorption amount comparation between this work and references
Graphene-based nanomaterial | Qe/(mg·g-1) | Ref. |
---|---|---|
PmPD/rGO/Nickle ferrite | 136 | [ |
Al-doped CNTs | 69.70 | [ |
Cu-Mo MOFs | 48.13 | [ |
Clay | 41.67 | [ |
Nitrogen-doped graphene gels | 232 | [ |
rGO | 224 | [ |
Cu2O/CuO-g-C3N4 | 241.25 | This work |
图7 不同(A)吸附剂用量、(B)MO浓度、(C)搅拌速率和(D)pH值下的吸附效率(除另有说明,所有实验条件均在100 mL 30 mg/L的MO溶液中加入20 mg吸附剂, pH=6.0, 1400 r/min下进行)
Fig.7 Adsorption efficiency with different (A) dosage of Cu2O/CuO-g-C3N4, (B) MO concentration, (C) stirring rate and (D) pH (All experiments are executed at 20 mg adsorbent add into 100 mL 30 mg/L MO solution, pH=6.0 and stirring velocity of 1400 r/min unless mentioned otherwise)
图8 MO在Cu2O/CuO-g-C3N4吸收剂上的(A)吸附动力学和(B)等温线(在100 mL 30 mg/L MO溶液中加入20 mg吸附剂,pH = 6.0,磁力搅拌1400 r/min;在100 mL MO溶液中加入20 mg吸附剂,pH=6.0,180 r/min摇动)
Fig.8 Adsorption kinetics (A) and isotherm curve (B) of MO on the Cu2O/CuO-g-C3N4 absorbent ((A) 20 mg adsorbent added into 100 mL 30 mg/L MO solution, pH=6.0, 1400 r/min and (B) 20 mg adsorbent added into 100 mL MO solution, pH=6.0, 180 r/min shaking)
Preudo-first-order model | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
ρ0/(mg·L-1) | K1 | qe/(mg·g-1) | r | |
MO | 30 | 0.004 2 | 144.75 | 0.999 |
表2 MO吸附的动力学拟合
Table 2 Kinetic parameter fitting of MO adsorption
Preudo-first-order model | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
ρ0/(mg·L-1) | K1 | qe/(mg·g-1) | r | |
MO | 30 | 0.004 2 | 144.75 | 0.999 |
Langmuir constants | ||
---|---|---|
qe/(mg·g-1) | KL/(L·mg-1) | r |
185 | 0.002 3 | 0.990 |
表3 MO吸附的Langmuir参数
Table 3 Parameters for Langmuir model for MO adsorption
Langmuir constants | ||
---|---|---|
qe/(mg·g-1) | KL/(L·mg-1) | r |
185 | 0.002 3 | 0.990 |
图9 不同pH值下MO解吸的紫外-可见光谱和照片(插图)(20 mg吸附饱和的吸附剂,加入100 mL PBS,磁搅拌速度: 1400 r/min)
Fig.9 UV-Vis spectra and photos (inset) for MO desorption with different pH (20 mg adsorbent saturated with MO added into 100 mL PBS, magnetic stirring rate: 1400 r/min)
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