应用化学 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 9-23.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.220138

• 综合评述 • 上一篇    下一篇

单原子催化剂在电化学合成氨中的理论研究进展

曹蓉1,2, 夏杰桢1,2, 廖漫华1,2, 赵路超1,2, 赵晨1,2, 吴琪1,2()   

  1. 1.西藏大学理学院,拉萨 850000
    2.西藏大学供氧研究院,珠峰研究院,拉萨 850000
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-16 接受日期:2022-08-07 出版日期:2023-01-01 发布日期:2023-01-28
  • 通讯作者: 吴琪
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(22168036);中央支持地方高校改革发展专项资金项目(藏财教指[2021]1-21);西藏大学研究生高水平人才培养计划项目(2020-GSP-S039)

Theoretical Research Progress of Single Atom Catalysts in Electrochemical Synthesis of Ammonia

Rong CAO1,2, Jie-Zhen XIA1,2, Man-Hua LIAO1,2, Lu-Chao ZHAO1,2, Chen ZHAO1,2, Qi WU1,2()   

  1. 1.Department of Physics,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China
    2.Institute of Oxygen Supply,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China
  • Received:2022-04-16 Accepted:2022-08-07 Published:2023-01-01 Online:2023-01-28
  • Contact: Qi WU
  • About author:wuqi_zangda@163.com
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22168036);the Central for the Reform and Development of Local Colleges and Universities Funding Project(Zangcaijiaozhi[2021]1-21);Tibet University Postgraduate Students High-Level Talent Training Plan Project(2020-GSP-S039)

摘要:

传统Haber-Bosch工艺合成氨需要大量的能源消耗和复杂的工厂基础设备。在可再生能源的推动下,将氮气电化学还原为氨被认为是替代Haber-Bosch工艺最有效的方法,这在科学界引起了极大的关注。然而,这个过程受到氨产量和法拉第效率低的影响,因此开发更有效的电催化剂对其实际应用至关重要。在之前报告的催化剂中,单原子催化剂(SACs)在高效利用原子和不饱和配位方面表现出显著优势,这为优化催化剂性能提供了巨大的空间。文章综述了单原子催化剂在电化学合成氨中的理论研究,详细分析了贵金属催化剂、非贵金属催化剂和非金属催化剂这3类单原子催化剂的性能表现,旨在为电化学合成氨技术的发展提供理论参考。

关键词: 单原子催化剂, 电化学合成氨, 反应机制, 催化剂活性, 催化剂载体

Abstract:

Ammonia synthesis in the traditional Haber-Bosch process requires large energy consumption and complex plant infrastructure. Driven by the development of renewable energy, electrocatalysts for the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) have attracted ever-growing attention and have been considered as the most efficient alternative to the catalyst in the Haber-Bosch process. However, this process suffers from low NH3 production and Faradaic efficiency. Therefore, the development of more efficient electrocatalysts is crucial for their practical applications. Among the previously reported catalysts, single-atom catalysts (SACs) exhibit significant advantages in efficient utilization of atoms and unsaturated coordination, providing a huge scope for optimizing catalyst performance. In this paper, the theoretical research of single-atom catalysts in electrochemical ammonia synthesis is reviewed, and the performance of three types of single-atom catalysts, namely noble metal catalysts, non-precious metal catalysts and metal-free catalysts, is analyzed in detail, aiming to provide new ideas for the development of electrochemical ammonia synthesis technology.

Key words: Single-atom catalyst, Electrochemical ammonia synthesis, Reaction mechanism, Catalyst activation, Catalyst support

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