构筑生物安全材料,发展立体化学抗菌新理念

doi:10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.210070

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)疫情的大爆发及其周期性变化对人类的健康造成严重的威胁,促使生物安全问题重回公众视野,引起了全世界的重视。各国政府都开始采取更有力的生物安全措施,亟需应对生物安全威胁的有效材料。抗菌材料是生物安全材料的重要组成部分,致力于解决包括病毒在内的微生物感染这一棘手的生物安全问题。传统的抗菌策略包括杀菌、抗菌粘附和复合抗菌。传统策略以杀菌为主,其见效快,但是杀菌剂容易流失,存在生物相容性问题,容易导致微生物产生耐药性。因此,发展新的抗菌策略意义重大。立体化学抗菌策略立足于管控微生物行为,利用微生物能感知不同立体化学结构并做出不同的响应的特点,从而使微生物不主动粘附到材料表面,有效抑制有害微生物的粘附、繁殖和传播,符合抗菌材料发展的新趋势。本文简要评述了近5年抗菌材料的研究进展,综述了立体化学抗菌策略的主要研究内容,探讨了管控微生物的新理念。

关键词: 生物安全, 生物安全材料, 立体化学抗菌策略, 管控微生物

Abstract: The outbreak of Corona Virus (COVID-19) and its periodic changes of its epidemic pose a serious threat to human health, which has brought the biosafety problem back to the public view and has attracted the worldwide attention. Governments all over the world have begun to strengthen biosafety measures, and there is an urgent need for effective materials to deal with biosafety threats. Antimicrobial material is an important component of biosafety materials, and is committed to solve the thorny biosafety problem of microbial infections. Traditional antimicrobial strategies include sterilization, antimicrobial adhesion and antimicrobial composite. The traditional strategy is mainly based on sterilization, which takes effect quickly. However, the antimicrobial agents used in materials are easy to lose, thus making poor biocompatibility. What′s worse, it may lead to microbial resistance issue. Therefore, the development of new antimicrobial strategies is of great significance. The stereochemical strategy is based on the reversible recognition of the microbes on a material surface, allowing the microbes to autonomously leave the surface when they distinguish the stereochemical signals of the materials. This strategy, in line with the development trend, can effectively inhibit the adhesion, propagation and spread of various microorganisms. This review briefly summarizes the research progress of antibacterial materials in the past five years, and the current researches of stereochemical antimicrobial strategies. The new concept for a management and control of microbial behavior is further discussed.

Key words: Biosafety, Biosafety materials, Stereochemistry antimicrobial strategy, Management and control of microorganisms

中图分类号:

O641.6

谢子旭, 张鹏飞, 王兴. 构筑生物安全材料,发展立体化学抗菌新理念[J]. 应用化学, 2021, 38(5): 510-523.

XIE Zi-Xu, ZHANG Peng-Fei, WANG Xing. Developing New Stereochemistry Antimicrobial Strategy to Advance Biosafety Materials[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2021, 38(5): 510-523.

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