Control of Droplet Dynamic Behavior at Bioinspired Multi⁃micro/nano Gradient Interface

doi:10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.210485

Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 110-130.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.210485

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Control of Droplet Dynamic Behavior at Bioinspired Multi⁃micro/nano Gradient Interface

GAO Chun-Lei¹^,²,ZHENG Yong-Mei¹()

^1.School of Chemistry，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China
^2.School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China

Received:2021-09-30 Accepted:2021-11-10 Published:2022-01-01 Online:2022-01-10
Contact: Yong-Mei ZHENG
About author:zhengym@buaa.edu.cn
Supported by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21771015);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M690292)

Abstract

Abstract:

The study of the dynamic behavior of droplet at the interface is an important direction in the field of chemistry and materials. Many advanced surface and interface technologies， such as water-harvesting， anti-icing and anti-fogging microfluid control and heat transfer， belong to this category. Bioinspired interfaces with special wettability can be designed and constructed by imitating biological surfaces with special micro/nano structure and specific chemical composition. These studies have played a good pilot and demonstration role in the technical application of biomimetic interface materials. Combined with the research works of our group， we review the representative research work on droplet dynamic behavior regulation of bioinspired multi-micro/nano gradient interface in recent years. Firstly， biological surfaces with special micro-nano structure and gradient characteristics in nature are introduced. Then， three application aspects of bionic multi-micro/nano gradient interface are introduced： the control of fog droplets transport and aggregation， low temperature hydrophobic/ice-phobic， micro droplet actuation. Finally， the research status of this field is summarized and prospected.

Key words: Bioinspired, Wettability, Micro-nano structure, Fog harvesting, Ice-phobic, Droplet manipulation

CLC Number:

O644.2

GAO Chun-Lei, ZHENG Yong-Mei . Control of Droplet Dynamic Behavior at Bioinspired Multi⁃micro/nano Gradient Interface[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2022, 39(1): 110-130.

Figures/Tables 15

Fig.1 Water collection characteristics of typical biological surfacesA. The microstructure of the desert beetle［12］； B. The microstructure of the wet-rebuilt spider silk and its directional water collection process［8］； C. The multi-structure and multi-functional integrated fog collecting system of cacti［14］； D. In situ optical images of the Sarracenia trichome and its ultrafast water transport process［15］

Fig.2 Controlling the hanging drop characteristics of the bioinspired gradient collaborative interfaceA. The influence of preparation conditions on the structure of bioinspired fibers［16］； B. Droplet hanging mechanism of the bioinspired fiber［17］； C. The aggregation and hanging mechanism of droplets on the spindle structure［18］； D. The bioinspired fiber with multi-gradient and multi-scale spindle knots has a stronger ability of hanging droplets［19］

Fig.3 Bioinspired gradient synergistic regulation of droplet directional aggregationA. The bevel coating technology obtains a unidirectional long range gradient resulting in unidirectional combined transport of condensation droplets［21］； B. Variable-speed drawing coating technology obtains three long-range gradient modes： unidirectional gradient， center symmetry， and bilateral symmetry［22］； C. The temperature-controlled directional water collection on the bioinspired fiber［23］； D. The light-controlled directional water collection on the bioinspired fiber［24］； E. Bioinspired nanofibrils-humped fibers with strong capillary for fog capture［25］

Fig.4 Continuous preparation technologies of bioinspired fibersA. Bioinspired fibers obtained by fluid coating technology［26］； B. Bioinspired fibers obtained by electrostatic spinning［27］；C. Bioinspired fibers obtained by wet self-assembly technology［28-30］； D Bioinspired fibers obtained using microfluidics［31］

Fig.5 Efficient droplet transport and aggregation regulation based on bioinspired gradient cone needle structureA. Water unidirectional transport on heterogeneous rough conical wires ［32］； B. Excellent fog-droplets collector via integrative janus membrane and conical spine with micro/nanostructures［33］

Fig.6 Two-dimensional bioinspired water harvesting materialA. Efficient water collection on integrative bioinspired surfaces with star-shaped wettability patterns ［34］； B. Hydrophilic directional slippery rough surfaces showed stronger water harvesting performance than superhydrophobic surface and SLIPS surface［36］；C. Water harvesting process of catchment net with dense bioinspired spines［38］

Fig.7 Three-dimensional bioinspired water harvesting materialA. Condensation on slippery asymmetric bumps［39］； B. Fog harvesting of a bioinspired nanocone-decorated 3D fiber network［40］； C. Liquid-infused three-dimensional frame with nano-texture［41］； D. Elastic microstaggered porous superhydrophilic framework as a robust fog harvester［42］； E. A micro-structured hydrogel with the ability to collect fresh water throughout the day［43］

Fig.8 Hydrophobicity of typical biological surfacesA. Morpho butterfly reduces droplet contact time by using the vein on the wing［44］； B. Dynamic suspension behavior of microdroplet on lotus leaves［7］； C. Surface tension propulsion of fungal spores［45， 46］； D. Self-removal of condensation droplets on water strider legs［11］

Fig.9 The low-temperature hydrophobicity of the surface with micro/nano structureA. Antifogging properties of composite micro- and nanostructured surfaces［48］； B. The bouncing behavior of the condensation droplets on the super-hydrophobic surface［50］； C. Condensation of water from a supersaturated atmosphere on nanoscale cones and pillars［51］

Fig.10 Icephobic properties on the surface of micro-nano structuresA. Icephobic/anti-icing properties of micro/nanostructured surfaces［54］； B. Pancake bouncing on superhydrophobic surfaces［57］；C. Low temperature hydrophobic and mechanical properties of flexible superhydrophobic surfaces［58］

Fig.11 Superhydrophobic coating materialsA. Multilevel nanoparticles coatings with excellent liquid repellency［60］； B. All-organic superhydrophobic coatings with mechanochemical robustness and liquid impalement resistance［61］； C. Design of robust superhydrophobic surfaces［62］

Fig.12 Liquid transport characteristics of typical biological surfacesA. Surface tension transport of prey by feeding shorebirds［63］； B. Directional adhesion of superhydrophobic butterfly wings［64］；C. The directional transmission of droplets on a vibrating butterfly wing［65］； D. Continuous directional water transport on the peristome surface of Nepenthes alata［66］； E Directional transmission of water and ethanol on Araucaria leaves［68］

Fig.13 Transfer of micro-droplets on the surface of the bioinspired anisotropic structureA. Directional shedding-off of water on bio-mimetic taper-ratchet array surfaces［69］； B. Directional drop transport achieved on high-temperature anisotropic wetting surfaces［70］； C. Directional droplet spreading transport controlled on tilt-angle pillar arrays［71］； D. Uni-directional liquid spreading control on a bioinspired surface from the peristome of Nepenthes alata［72］； E. Spiral 3D liquid path in a cellular fluidic device［74］

Fig.14 Transport of microdroplet at wettability gradient interfaceA. Controlled directional water-droplet spreading on a high-adhesion surface［76］； B. Anisotropic/unidirectional spreading of droplets on a fibrous surface［77］

Fig.15 Responsive bioinspired interface for droplet manipulationA. Magnetically induced low adhesive direction of nano/micropillar arrays for microdroplet transport［80］； B. Photocontrol of fluid slugs in liquid crystal polymer microactuators［84］； C. Droplets manipulated on photothermal organogel surfaces［85］； D. Surface charge printing for programmed droplet transport［87］

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Control of Droplet Dynamic Behavior at Bioinspired Multi⁃micro/nano Gradient Interface

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