Preparation of Porous Carbon Materials Derived from Rhus typhina Leaves and Their Electrochemical Properties

doi:10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.240330

Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (7): 945-954.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.240330

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Preparation of Porous Carbon Materials Derived from Rhus typhina Leaves and Their Electrochemical Properties

Li-Hui ZHENG¹^,²(), Bo-Ao DU¹^,²

^1.College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering，Northeast Petroleum University，Daqing 163318，China
^2.Qinhuangdao College of Northeast Petroleum University，Qinhuangdao 066004，China

Received:2024-10-20 Accepted:2025-05-12 Published:2025-07-01 Online:2025-07-23
Contact: Li-Hui ZHENG
About author:zhenglihui@nepu.edu.cn
Supported by:
the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province Project(B2024107002)

Abstract

Abstract:

Porous carbon materials with different mass ratios were successfully prepared from Rhus typhina leaves as carbon source and K₂CO₃ as activating agent via a two-step“carbonization-activation” method， and denoted as TLPC-x （x=0， 1， 2， 3， 4， where x represents the mass ratio of activator to carbon source）. The morphology and structure of the as-prepared materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）， transmission electron microscopy （TEM）， X-ray diffraction （XRD）， Raman spectroscopy， X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）， and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller （BET） surface area analysis. Electrochemical performances were evaluated through cyclic voltammetry （CV）， galvanostatic charge-discharge （GCD） tests， and other electrochemical measurements. The results suggest that K₂CO₃ exhibits an excellent pore-forming property. TLPC-3 displays the most well-developed pore structure with a high specific surface area of up to 2193.9 m²/g. In a three-electrode system， TLPC-3 delivers a specific capacitance of 287.8 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g， which is 3.2 times higher than that of TLPC-0. In a two-electrode system， the material delivers an energy density of 8.05 Wh/kg at a power density of 125 W/kg. Moreover， even after 10000 GCD cycles at a current density of 10 A/g， it retains 98.7% of its initial capacitance.

Key words: Rhus typhina leaves, Porous carbon, K₂CO₃ activation, Supercapacitors

CLC Number:

O646

Li-Hui ZHENG, Bo-Ao DU. Preparation of Porous Carbon Materials Derived from Rhus typhina Leaves and Their Electrochemical Properties[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2025, 42(7): 945-954.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1 Preparation process of porous carbon electrode from Rhus typhina leaves

Fig.2 SEM image of （A） TLPC-0，（B） TLPC-1，（C） TLPC-2，（D） TLPC-3 and （E） TLPC-4 sample

Fig.3 TEM images of TLPC-3 at different magnification ratios

Fig.4 （A） Isothermal adsorption and （B） pore size distribution curves of TLPC-x

Table 1 Pore structure parameters of TLPC-x

Sample	Specific surface area/（m²·g^-1）	Micropore area/（m²·g^-1）	Other pore areas/（m²·g^-1）	Total pore volume/（cm³·g^-1）
TLPC-1	1 534.6	792.2	742.4	1.04
TLPC-2	1 899.9	824.5	1 075.4	1.07
TLPC-3	2 193.9	938.6	1 255.3	1.13
TLPC-4	1 417.9	636.7	781.2	0.96

Fig.5 （A） XRD and （B） Raman spectra of TLPC-x

Fig.6 XPS spectra of TLPC-3

Fig.7 Electrochemical performance of TLPC-x

Table 2 Equivalent series resistance （Rs） and charge transfer resistance values （Rct） of TLPC-x

Sample	R_s/Ω	R_ct/Ω
TLPC-0	0.84	0.43
TLPC-1	0.93	0.96
TLPC-2	1.01	0.09
TLPC-3	0.96	0.07
TLPC-4	0.97	0.10

Fig.8 TLPC-3 symmetric supercapacitor

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Preparation of Porous Carbon Materials Derived from Rhus typhina Leaves and Their Electrochemical Properties

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