Comprehensive Polymer Chemistry Experimental Design： Preparation of Hydrophilic Sponge

doi:10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.240219

Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 117-123.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.240219

• Chemistry Teaching and Experiment Innovation • Previous Articles

Comprehensive Polymer Chemistry Experimental Design： Preparation of Hydrophilic Sponge

Shou-Ping XU(), Li-Hua ZENG, Pi-Hui PI, Xiu-Fang WEN, Jiang CHENG

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering，South China University of Technology，Guangzhou 510000，China

Received:2024-08-24 Accepted:2024-10-20 Published:2025-01-01 Online:2025-01-24
Contact: Shou-Ping XU
About author:cespxu@scut.edu.cn
Supported by:
the South China University of Technology Teaching and Research Reform Project 2023 and Zhuhai Basic and Applied Basic Research Project(2320004002737)

Abstract

Abstract:

Polyvinyl alcohol acetal sponges are hydrophilic， biodegradable， and have high strength and good resilience， which are widely used in many fields. Surfactant foaming method was applied to prepare the sponge. The experiment is designed to compare the reaction ability of formaldehyde， acetaldehyde and propionaldehyde acetal， so as to understand the mechanism of the acetal reaction better； the infrared spectroscopy， scanning electron microscopy， and tensile strength instrument was used to characterize the polymer and material structure， meanwhile inspire students to analyze the connection between polymer properties and structure， and cultivate the ability to think deeply； Finally， the sponges can be used as a workbench cleaning tool， and increases the interestingness of the experiment. In conclusion， this experiment is a comprehensive research experiment that combines literature review， basic experimental operation， material property characterization and application performance. As a teaching case， it may cultivate students' experimental skills and scientific thinking effectively.

Key words: Polyvinyl alcohol sponge, Acetal reaction, Polymer chemistry, Integrated experiment

CLC Number:

O623.5

Shou-Ping XU, Li-Hua ZENG, Pi-Hui PI, Xiu-Fang WEN, Jiang CHENG. Comprehensive Polymer Chemistry Experimental Design： Preparation of Hydrophilic Sponge[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2025, 42(1): 117-123.

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1 Formulation for the preparation of polyvinyl acetal sponges

Num.	Aldehyde，w（aldehyde）/%	m（polyvinyl alcohol solution）/g	V（H₂SO₄ solution）/mL；w（H₂SO₄）/%	m（sodium dodecyl sulfate）/g
1	Formaldehyde， 9.46	37	4； 50	0.15
2	Acetaldehyde， 10.83	37	2； 50	0.15
3	Propionaldehyde， 5.43	37	1； 20	0.15

Fig.1 Reaction mechanism of polyvinyl acetal sponge

Fig.2 FT-IR spectra of different acetal sponges

Fig.3 Characterization of sponge compression strength，（A） Compression strength of sponges with different aldehydes at 70% strain；（B） Variation of sponges with formaldehyde at 70% strain for 5 cycles of compression；（C） Variation of sponges with acetaldehyde at 70% strain for 5 cycles of compression；（D） Variation of sponges with propionaldehyde at 70% strain for 5 cycles of compression

Fig.4 Contact angle of different acetal sponges

Fig.5 SEM image of polyvinyl acetal sponge

Table 2 Comprehensive experimental evaluation system and training objectives

文献调研10分

方案设计10分

实验动手能力10分

仪器操作技巧10分

师生、小组互动5分

实验记录5分

实验安全5分

实验台5S标准5分

自我评价10分

团队评价10分

数据整理和分析10分

实验反思5分

科学问题的提炼5分

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Comprehensive Polymer Chemistry Experimental Design： Preparation of Hydrophilic Sponge

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