Preparation of Expanded Perlite-Based Energy Storage Materials and Their Impact on Building Energy Consumption

doi:10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.250177

Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry ›› 2026, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 53-66.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.250177

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Preparation of Expanded Perlite-Based Energy Storage Materials and Their Impact on Building Energy Consumption

Ying ZHOU(), Wan-Kui BU, Dong ZHANG, Pin-Pin LIU, Guang-Yue LI

College of Urban Construction，Heze University，Heze 274015，China

Received:2025-04-25 Accepted:2025-09-02 Published:2026-01-01 Online:2026-01-26
Contact: Ying ZHOU
About author:zhouying.yy@163.com
Supported by:
Shandong Province Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Science and Technology Plan Project(202390);Heze University Horizontal Project(XY24HX95);Heze University College Students' Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project(2024204)

Abstract

Abstract:

Using capric acid （CA）， palmitic acid （PA）， and octadecanol （OD） as phase change materials， expanded perlite （EP） as the adsorption medium， a CA-PA-OD/EP shaped phase change material was prepared by the melt adsorption method. The microstructure， thermal properties， and thermal stability of the shaped phase change material were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy， scanning electron microscopy， differential scanning calorimetry， and thermogravimetric analysis. Then， the shaped phase change material was combined with foam concrete to prepare phase change foam concrete with good thermal storage performance and the ability to regulate room temperature. Its performance parameters such as dry density and thermal conductivity were measured. Finally， a building model was established using BIM software， and the energy consumption and indoor thermal comfort of the phase change foam concrete in building walls were analyzed using PKPM green building software. The research results showed that the phase change temperature of the shaped phase change material was 21.03 ℃， and the latent heat of phase change was 93.59 J/g. The composite process maintained the chemical integrity of each component； The results of TG indicated that the residual mass fraction of unencapsulated shaped phase change material was 50.12% at 290.5 ℃， and the residual mass fraction of encapsulated shaped phase change material was 55.37% at 312.6 ℃； The heat storage and release curve showed that the prepared shaped phase change material had temperature regulation and control characteristics. The phase change foam concrete material was introduced into green building for energy-saving evaluation， thermal insulation analysis， and indoor thermal comfort evaluation. It was concluded that the phase change foam concrete could reduce building energy consumption and had good thermal insulation and heat retention effects. The shaped phase change material and its foam concrete had both high heat storage performance， strong thermal insulation ability， and engineering applicability， which could effectively enhance building energy efficiency and low-carbon benefits.

Key words: Form-stable phase change materials, Phase change heat storage foam concrete, Building energy conservation

CLC Number:

O642

Ying ZHOU, Wan-Kui BU, Dong ZHANG, Pin-Pin LIU, Guang-Yue LI. Preparation of Expanded Perlite-Based Energy Storage Materials and Their Impact on Building Energy Consumption[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2026, 43(1): 53-66.

Figures/Tables 20

References 17

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Sample	w（Phase change materials）/%	m（CA-PA-OD）/g	m（EP）/g
Ⅰ	30	0.3	0.7
Ⅱ	40	0.4	0.6
Ⅲ	50	0.5	0.5
Ⅳ	60	0.6	0.4
Ⅴ	70	0.7	0.3
Ⅵ	80	0.8	0.2

Sample	w（Phase change materials）/%	m（CA-PA-OD）/g	m（EP）/g
Ⅰ	30	0.3	0.7
Ⅱ	40	0.4	0.6
Ⅲ	50	0.5	0.5
Ⅳ	60	0.6	0.4
Ⅴ	70	0.7	0.3
Ⅵ	80	0.8	0.2

Sample	m（filter paper before leakage）/g	m（filter paper after leakage）/g	Mass change fraction/%
Ⅰ	0.334	0.337	1
Ⅱ	0.337	0.341	1
Ⅲ	0.331	0.343	4
Ⅳ	0.332	0.357	8
Ⅴ	0.340	0.374	10
Ⅵ	0.334	0.391	17

Sample	m（filter paper before leakage）/g	m（filter paper after leakage）/g	Mass change fraction/%
Ⅰ	0.334	0.337	1
Ⅱ	0.337	0.341	1
Ⅲ	0.331	0.343	4
Ⅳ	0.332	0.357	8
Ⅴ	0.340	0.374	10
Ⅵ	0.334	0.391	17

Sample	m（filter paper before leakage）/g	m（filter paper after leakage）/g	Mass change fraction/%
Ⅰ	0.335	0.335	0
Ⅱ	0.334	0.335	0
Ⅲ	0.341	0.341	0
Ⅳ	0.337	0.343	2
Ⅴ	0.334	0.340	2
Ⅵ	0.336	0.369	10

Preparation of Expanded Perlite-Based Energy Storage Materials and Their Impact on Building Energy Consumption

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References 17

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Sample	w（Phase change materials）/%	m（CA-PA-OD）/g	m（EP）/g
Ⅰ	30	0.3	0.7
Ⅱ	40	0.4	0.6
Ⅲ	50	0.5	0.5
Ⅳ	60	0.6	0.4
Ⅴ	70	0.7	0.3
Ⅵ	80	0.8	0.2

Sample	w（Phase change materials）/%	m（CA-PA-OD）/g	m（EP）/g
Ⅰ	30	0.3	0.7
Ⅱ	40	0.4	0.6
Ⅲ	50	0.5	0.5
Ⅳ	60	0.6	0.4
Ⅴ	70	0.7	0.3
Ⅵ	80	0.8	0.2

Dosage/%	Theoretical dry density/（kg·m^-3）	Cement/（kg·m^-3）	Fly ash/（kg·m^-3）	Water/（kg·m^-3）	Shaped phase change material/（kg·m^-3）	Foaming agent/（kg·m^-3）	Water reducer/（kg·m^-3）
0	500	375	42	208.5	0	3.75	0.54
5		356.54	39.61	250.2	20.85	3.75	0.54
10		337.77	37.53	291.9	41.7	3.75	0.54
15		319.01	35.45	333.6	62.55	3.75	0.54
20		300.24	33.36	375.3	83.4	3.75	0.54

Name of materials for each layer of external wall	Thicknezss/mm	Thermal conductivity/（W·m^-1·K^-1）	Heat storage coefficient/（W·m^-2·K^-1）	Thermal resistance/（m²·K·W^-1）	Thermal inertia index D=R.S	Correction factor α
Polyethylene waterproof membrane	--	--	--	--	--	1.00
Alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth	--	--	--	--	--	1.00
Thin plaster layer of anti-crack mortar	--	--	--	--	--	1.00
Phase change heat storage foam concrete	100.0	0.060	1.169	1.667	1.95	1.00
Adhesive	--	--	--	--	--	1.00
Cement mortar levelling layer	10.0	0.930	11.270	0.011	0.12	1.00
Aerated concrete block （B03）-ordinary masonry	150.0	0.110	1.640	1.091	2.24	1.25
Sum of all layers of external wall	260.0			2.77	4.31
External wall thermal resistanceR₀=R_i+∑R+R_e=2.93 （m²·K）/W	R_i=0.11 （m²·K）/W； R_e=0.05 （m²·K）/W
External wall heat transfer coefficient	K=1/R₀=0.34 W/（m²·K）
Solar radiation absorption coefficient	ρ=0.50

Energy type	Designed building		Reference building
Heating， ventilation and air conditioning/（kW·h）	E_1H	0	E_01H	0
Lighting energy consumption/（kW·h）	E_1L	35 390.56	E_0L	42 503.18
Annual total energy consumption/（kW·h）	B₁	35 390.56	B₀	42 503.18
Annual energy consumption per unit area/（kW·h·m^-2）	B₁/A	5.54	B₀/A	6.65
Energy consumption reduction rate	16.7%

Room type	Room area/m²	Summer condition		Winter condition		Overall evaluation index	Up to standard
Room type	Room area/m²	Calculated PPD value/%	Calculated PMV value	Calculated PPD value/%	Calculated PMV value	Overall evaluation index	Up to standard
Bedroom	1 471.96	5.03	0.04	12.28	-0.59	Ⅱ	No
Living room	1 494.71	5.03	0.04	12.28	-0.59	Ⅱ	No
Kitchen	355.36	5.03	0.04	12.28	-0.59	Ⅱ	No

Dosage/%	Thermal conductivity/（W·m^-1·K^-1）
0	0.078 8
5	0.075 0
10	0.073 0
15	0.069 5
20	0.066 0

Dosage/%	Thermal conductivity/（W·m^-1·K^-1）
0	0.078 8
5	0.075 0
10	0.073 0
15	0.069 5
20	0.066 0

Sample	w（Phase change materials）/%	m（CA-PA-OD）/g	m（EP）/g
Ⅰ	30	0.3	0.7
Ⅱ	40	0.4	0.6
Ⅲ	50	0.5	0.5
Ⅳ	60	0.6	0.4
Ⅴ	70	0.7	0.3
Ⅵ	80	0.8	0.2

Sample	w（Phase change materials）/%	m（CA-PA-OD）/g	m（EP）/g
Ⅰ	30	0.3	0.7
Ⅱ	40	0.4	0.6
Ⅲ	50	0.5	0.5
Ⅳ	60	0.6	0.4
Ⅴ	70	0.7	0.3
Ⅵ	80	0.8	0.2

Sample	w（Phase change materials）/%	m（CA-PA-OD）/g	m（EP）/g
Ⅰ	30	0.3	0.7
Ⅱ	40	0.4	0.6
Ⅲ	50	0.5	0.5
Ⅳ	60	0.6	0.4
Ⅴ	70	0.7	0.3
Ⅵ	80	0.8	0.2

Sample	w（Phase change materials）/%	m（CA-PA-OD）/g	m（EP）/g
Ⅰ	30	0.3	0.7
Ⅱ	40	0.4	0.6
Ⅲ	50	0.5	0.5
Ⅳ	60	0.6	0.4
Ⅴ	70	0.7	0.3
Ⅵ	80	0.8	0.2