Extraction of Thorium(Ⅳ) Using Cextrant 230/Anionic Surfactant Sodium Bis（2-Ethylhexyl） Sulfosuccinate/n-Heptane Microemulsion

doi:10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.220198

Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (12): 1927-1936.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.220198

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Extraction of Thorium(Ⅳ) Using Cextrant 230/Anionic Surfactant Sodium Bis（2-Ethylhexyl） Sulfosuccinate/n-Heptane Microemulsion

Yan-Ling LI¹^,², Sheng-Ting KUANG¹^,³, Wu-Ping LIAO¹^,²^,³()

^1.State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization，Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Changchun 130022，China
^2.School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering，University of Science and Technology of China，Hefei 230026，China
^3.Ganjiang Innovation Academy，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Ganzhou 341000，China

Received:2022-06-02 Accepted:2022-08-29 Published:2022-12-01 Online:2022-12-13
Contact: Wu-Ping LIAO
About author:wpliao@ciac.ac.cn
Supported by:
the National Key Research and Development Project of China(2019YFC0605003);the Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS(XDA02030100);Jiangxi “Double Thousand Plan”(jxsq.2020101005)

Abstract

Abstract:

A stable microemulsion system is constructed by choosing α-aminophosphonate extractant Cextrant 230 and an anionic surfactant sodium bis（2-ethylhexyl） sulfosuccinate （AOT） as the cosurfactants. The effects of some factors such as pH and the concentration of Cextrant 230， AOT， NaOH and the sulfate in the aqueous solution on the maximum water ratio （x₀） are studied. The process and effects of microemulsion formation are analyzed and the optimized conditions for the stable microemulsion are determined. The Cextrant 230-AOT-n-heptane microemulsion system is applied for the extraction of thorium. The effects of emulsion-to-water volume ratios， the concentrations of Cextrant 230， AOT and sulfate， temperature are studied. The extraction rate of thorium in the microemulsion system increases with the increase of the concentration of Cextrant 230 （or AOT）， which is significantly higher than that of AOT-n-heptane microemulsion system. Cextrant 230 and AOT have a synergistic effect on the extraction of thorium. Temperature has little effect on extraction of thorium and the reaction is entropy-driven. Upon the comparison of the stripping of thorium by different inorganic acids， sulfuric acid is chosen as the stripping reagent. The loading capacity for ThO₂ is about 1.43 g/L. This microemulsion system is applied to the separation of Th from the actual bastnaesite sulfate leach liquid after the cerium extraction and the thorium content can be reduced to less than 0.1 mg/L. The microemulsion system has both the advantages of thermodynamic stability and high efficiency.

Key words: α-Aminophosphonate, Reverse micelles, Extraction, Thorium

CLC Number:

O658.2

Yan-Ling LI, Sheng-Ting KUANG, Wu-Ping LIAO. Extraction of Thorium(Ⅳ) Using Cextrant 230/Anionic Surfactant Sodium Bis（2-Ethylhexyl） Sulfosuccinate/n-Heptane Microemulsion[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2022, 39(12): 1927-1936.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig.1 Chemical structures of Cextrant 230 （A） and AOT （B）

Fig.2 Variation of the maximum water ratio with different concentrations of Cextrant 230 （A）， AOT （B）， pH （C）， NaOH （D） and sulfates （E）A. c（AOT） = 0.1 mol/L； B. c（Cextrant 230）= 0.1 mol/L； C-E. c（Cextrant 230）= 0.1 mol/L， c（AOT） = 0.1 mol/L

Fig.3 Variation of percentage extraction of thorium with volume ratio of microemulsion to aqueousc（Cextrant 230）=0.01 mol/L， c（AOT）=0.01 mol/L， x = 10，［Th4+］（a，init）=0.001 mol/L， pHinitial=1.9

Fig.4 Variation of thorium extraction with different concentrations of Cextrant 230， AOT （A） and sulfate （B） A. c（AOT）= 0.01 mol/L for Cextrant 230-AOT system， x=10，［Th4+］（a，init）=0.001 mol/L， pHinitial=1.9；B. c（Cextrant 230）=0.01 mol/L， c（AOT）=0.01 mol/L， x=10，［Th4+］（a，init）=0.001 mol/L， pHinitial=1.9B. c（Cextrant 230）=0.01 mol/L， c（AOT）=0.01 mol/L， x=10，［Th4+］（a，init）=0.001 mol/L， pHinitial=1.9

Table 1 Thermodynamic parameters of thorium extraction by Cextrant 230-AOT microemulsion system

绝对温度 T/K	反应平衡常数 log K_ex	吉布斯自由能变化 ΔG/（J·mol^-1）	焓变 ΔH/（kJ·mol^-1）	熵变 ΔS/（J·mol^-1·K^-1）
298	9.17	-175.5	5.25±0.03	18.2
303	9.20	-176.1		17.9
308	9.22	-176.5		17.6
313	9.24	-177.0		17.3
318	9.25	-177.1		17.0
323	9.26	-177.3		16.8

Fig.6 Stripping of loaded Th4+ cations by HCl and H2SO4（loaded capacity is 1.43 g/L ThO2）

Table 2 Extraction of bastnaesite sulfate leach liquor by Cextrant 230

成分 Composition	萃取前 Before extraction	萃取后（处理液） After extraction（treatment solution）
铈（IV）浓度 ρ （CeIV）/（g·L^－1）	30	<0.001
钍（IV）浓度 ρ （ThIV）/（mg·L^－1）	12.03	1.07

Table 3 Cross flow extraction of thorium by Cextrant 230/AOT/n-heptane microemulsion system

错流次数 Number of cross-flow extraction	1	2	3
ρ（Th）/（mg·L^-1）	0.237	0.044	0.04

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Extraction of Thorium(Ⅳ) Using Cextrant 230/Anionic Surfactant Sodium Bis（2-Ethylhexyl） Sulfosuccinate/n-Heptane Microemulsion

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