碱性介质中制备纳米四氧化三锰及其超级电容特性

doi:10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.06.140360

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

比较了不同碱溶液中纳米Mn₃O₄的制备及其超级电容性能。用X射线粉末衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜等技术手段分别测试了晶体结构和表面形貌。用循环伏安、恒流充放电和交流阻抗测试了材料的电化学性能。结果表明,在氢氧化钠、氨水中Mn²⁺沉淀氧化可以直接制备纳米Mn₃O₄;碳酸钠中先生成MnCO₃,加氢氧化钠可转化为纳米Mn₃O₄。NaOH、NH₃和Na₂CO₃ 3种介质中制备的Mn₃O₄晶粒尺寸分别为29.5、20.2和36.3 nm。纳米Mn₃O₄经连续充放电循环后可活化为Birnessite-type MnO₂。氨水中制备的Mn₃O₄活化后比容量最大,达到239 F/g,是一种具有应用前景的超级电容器材料。

关键词: 超级电容器, 四氧化三锰, 化学沉积, 电化学特性

Abstract:

Mn₃O₄ nanoparticles were prepared in alkaline solution and their electrochemical characteristics were investigated. The obtained Mn₃O₄ nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), cyclicvoltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge/discharge (GC/D), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The Mn₃O₄ nanoparticles can be prepared directly in NaOH and NH₃ solution. MnCO₃ is only obtained in Na₂CO₃ solution, and can be transformed to Mn₃O₄ nanoparticles in the presence of NaOH. The crystalline sizes of the Mn₃O₄ nanoparticles prepared in NaOH, NH₃ and Na₂CO₃ solution are 29.5 nm, 20.2 nm and 36.3 nm, respectively. The Mn₃O₄ nanoparticles could be conditioned and inverted to birnessite-type MnO₂. A specific capacitance of 239 F/g is obtained for the conditioned Mn₃O₄ nanoparticles prepared in NH₃ solution at a current rate of 0.25 A/g. Therefore, the Mn₃O₄ nanoparticles obtained in NH₃ solution can be a promising electrode materials for supercapacitors.

Key words: supercapacitor, manganous manganic oxide, chemical precipitation, electrochemical properties

中图分类号:

徐国荣, 李钰冰, 董文豪, 唐安平. 碱性介质中制备纳米四氧化三锰及其超级电容特性[J]. 应用化学, 2015, 32(6): 701-707.

XU Guorong, LI Yubing, DONG Wenhao, TANG Anping. Preparation of Mn₃O₄ Nanoparticles in Alkaline Solution and Their Application in Supercapacitor[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2015, 32(6): 701-707.

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