应用化学 ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 1233-1244.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.250039

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同纤维类型及其掺量下混凝土的拉伸性能

张慧鹏1(), 王永锋2, 李若帆1   

  1. 1.山西工程科技职业大学工程管理学院,晋中 030600
    2.河南大学土木建筑学院,开封 475000
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-21 接受日期:2025-05-06 出版日期:2025-09-01 发布日期:2025-09-28
  • 通讯作者: 张慧鹏
  • 基金资助:
    山西省教育厅高校科技创新项目(2023L414)

The Tensile Properties of Concrete under Different Fiber Types and Their Dosages

Hui-Peng ZHANG1(), Yong-Feng WANG2, Ruo-Fan LI1   

  1. 1.College of Engineering Management,Shanxi Vocational University of Engineering Science and Technology,Jinzhong 030600,China
    2.School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Henan University,Kaifeng 475000,China
  • Received:2025-01-21 Accepted:2025-05-06 Published:2025-09-01 Online:2025-09-28
  • Contact: Hui-Peng ZHANG
  • About author:zhanghuipeng022@163.com
  • Supported by:
    the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of College and Universities of Shanxi Provincial Education Department(2023L414)

摘要:

在温度变化、收缩变形等因素的影响下,混凝土因其自身抗拉强度较低,在较小拉应力作用下,易出现裂缝,影响结构的正常使用和耐久性。为增强混凝土材料的抗拉强度及能量吸收能力,研究不同纤维掺量对混凝土拉伸性能的影响。采用钢纤维(SF)、聚丙烯纤维(PPF)和聚乙烯醇纤维(PVAF)3种不同类型的纤维,通过对比不同纤维类型及其掺量下混凝土的拉伸性能,探究最佳纤维掺量。在制备混凝土样品时,选用水泥、硅灰和粉煤灰等材料作为基体原材料,并分别添加质量分数为0%、0.5%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%和2.5%下3种不同类型纤维。通过对样品进行拉伸性能测试,分析样品不同强度指标。结果表明:当不同纤维的掺入量为质量分数2.0%时,样品的抗拉性能最强。在3种纤维中,掺入2.0% SF时抗拉强度达到9.63 MPa,初裂强度与裂后强度也保持较高水平,单位体积能量吸收能力达到2.1~2.4 kJ/m3之间。PVAF的增强效果次之,2.0%掺量时抗拉强度为8.81 MPa,PPF的增强效果相对较弱,2.0%掺量时抗拉强度仅为7.82 MPa。因此,掺入2.0% SF的混凝土样品展现出了良好的拉伸能力,为混凝土材料在实际应用中的性能提升提供了有效保障。

关键词: 纤维掺杂, 混凝土, 拉伸强度, 钢纤维, 初裂强度

Abstract:

Under the influence of factors such as temperature changes and shrinkage deformation, concrete, due to its low tensile strength, is prone to cracking under small tensile stress, which affects the normal use and durability of the structure. To enhance the tensile strength and energy absorption capacity of concrete materials, the influence of different fiber contents on the tensile properties of concrete is studied and analyzed. Three different types of fibers, steel fiber (SF), polypropylene fiber (PPF), and polyvinyl alcohol fiber (PVAF), were used to compare the tensile properties of concrete under different fiber types and their dosages, and to explore the optimal fiber dosage. When preparing concrete samples, materials such as cement, silica fume, and fly ash are selected as matrix raw materials, and three different types of fibers are added at mass fractions of 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5%, respectively. By conducting tensile performance tests on the samples, analyze different strength indicators of the samples. The results indicate that the tensile performance of the sample is strongest when the content of different fibers is 2.0% by mass. When 2.0% steel fiber is added to the three types of fibers, the tensile strength reaches 9.63 MPa, and the initial and post crack strength remain at a high level. The energy absorption capacity per unit volume reaches between 2.1 and 2.4 kJ/m3. The reinforcement effect of PVAF is second, with a tensile strength of 8.81 MPa at a dosage of 2.0%. The reinforcement effect of PPF is relatively weak, with a tensile strength of only 7.82 MPa at a dosage of 2.0%. Therefore, the concrete sample with 2.0% SF added exhibited good tensile strength, providing effective guarantee for the performance improvement of concrete materials in practical applications.

Key words: Fiber doping, Concrete, Tensile strength, Steel fiber, First crack strength

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