油酸酰胺基季铵盐Gemini表面活性剂的制备及性能

doi:10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.200241

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以油酸酰胺丙基二甲基胺、1,3-二氯-2-丙醇、1,4-二溴-2-丁烯和1,4-二溴丁烷为原料,分别合成了3种不同连接基团的油酸酰胺基季铵盐阳离子Gemini表面活性剂GS-1、GS-2和GS-3。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和核磁共振波谱(¹H NMR)对其结构进行表征,并对其Krafft温度、表面活性、乳化性能、泡沫性能、润湿性等性能进行了测定。结果表明,成功制备了3种Gemini表面活性剂GS-1、GS-2和GS-3,且其Krafft温度均小于0 ℃,为其低温环境下使用,仍然保持较高表面活性提供了理论可能性。 GS-1、GS-2和GS-3的临界胶束浓度(CMC)分别为7.7×10^-5、7.08×10^-5和2.63×10^-6 mol/L,和预期结果一致,Gemini表面活性剂的CMC比传统的单链表面活性剂低1~2个数量级;另外,表面活性剂GS-1、GS-2和GS-3均表现出良好的表面活性、乳化性能和泡沫稳定性。

关键词: Gemini表面活性剂, 环境友好型物质, 表面活性

Abstract: Oleamide quaternary ammonium Gemini surfactants GS-1, GS-2, GS-3 were synthesized by the reaction of Oleamide propyl dimethylamine and 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol, 1,4-dibromo-2-butene and 1,4-dibromo-butane, respectively. The structures of GS-1, GS-2, and GS-3 were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR), and their Krafft temperature, surface activity, emulsification performance, foam performance, and wettability were measured. The results show that three kinds of Gemini surfactants GS-1, GS-2, GS-3 are successfully prepared, and their Krafft temperatures are all less than 0 ℃, which provides a theoretical possibility for their use in low temperature environments with maintained high surface activity. Then, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of GS-1, GS-2, GS-3 are 7.7×10^-5, 7.08×10^-5, and 2.63×10^-6 mol/L, respectively, which are consistent with the expected results. The CMC value of the Gemini surfactant is 1~2 orders of magnitude lower than that of the conventional surfactant single alkyl chain. In addition, the synthesized surfactants all show good surface a ctivity, emulsifying properties, and the ability to stabilize foam.

Key words: Gemini surfactant, Eco-friendly substances, Surface activity

中图分类号:

O647.2

杨伟光, 曹玉朋, 鞠洪斌, 王亚魁, 耿涛, 姜亚洁. 油酸酰胺基季铵盐Gemini表面活性剂的制备及性能[J]. 应用化学, 2021, 38(2): 220-227.

YANG Wei-Guang, CAO Yu-Peng, JU Hong-Bin, WANG Ya-Kui, GENG Tao, JIANG Ya-Jie. Synthesis and Properties of Oleamide Quaternary Ammonium Gemini Surfactant[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2021, 38(2): 220-227.

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