一种阳离子Gemini型沥青乳化剂的合成及性能

doi:10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2018.05.170146

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以苯胺、环氧氯丙烷和十四烷基二甲基叔胺为原料,合成了含有苯环的阳离子Gemini型沥青乳化剂3,3'-苯基亚氨基-(二(2-羟基丙基-十四烷基二甲基)氯化铵)(G-T)。采用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、质谱(MS)和核磁共振谱(¹H NMR)对产物进行了结构表征。研究了其Krafft点、乳化性能和乳化沥青时的相关性能,并测定了25~40 ℃的临界胶束浓度(cmc)、平衡表面张力(γ_cmc)及计算了相应的热力学函数。结果表明,G-T的Krafft点低于0 ℃,乳化分水时间为309 s。 25 ℃时,cmc为1.269×10^-3 mol/L,γ_cmc为38.33 mN/m。随着温度的升高,cmc增大、γ_cmc减小、饱和吸附量(Γ_max)减小、极限占有面积(A_min)增大。乳化沥青测试表明,G-T拌和时间为255 s,是慢裂型沥青乳化剂。所制备的乳化沥青满足微表处技术规范。

关键词: Gemini型表面活性剂, 表面张力, 乳化性能, 沥青乳化剂

Abstract:

A cationic Gemini asphalt emulsifier with benzene ring(symbolized as G-T) was synthesized with aniline, epichlorohydrin and N,N-dimethyltetradecylamine by two steps. The product was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), mass spectroscopy, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance(¹H NMR) spectroscopy. The Krafft point, emulsifying power and performance of emulsified asphalt were studied. The critical micelle concentration(cmc) and surface tension(γ_cmc) of G-T were measured from 25 ℃ to 40 ℃ and thermodynamic parameters of the micellization were calculated. The results show that the Krafft point of G-T is below 0 ℃, and the stable time of the emulsified liquid is up to 309 s. The cmc and γ_cmc are 1.269×10^-3 mol/L and 38.33 mN/m at 25 ℃, respectively. With the rise of temperature, the cmc increases, the γ_cmc decreases, the maximum surface adsorption capacity(Γ_max) decreases and the minimum molecule area(A_min) increases. Emulsified asphalt test shows that G-T is a slow-crack asphalt emulsifier. The prepared emulsified asphalt meets the technical specifications of micro-surfacing.

Key words: Gemini surfactants, surface tension, emulsifying properties, asphalt emulsifie

刘佳佳, 谢益诚, 许虎君. 一种阳离子Gemini型沥青乳化剂的合成及性能[J]. 应用化学, 2018, 35(5): 552-558.

LIU Jiajia, XIE Yicheng, XU Hujun. Synthesis and Properties of a Cationic Gemini Asphalt Emulsifier[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2018, 35(5): 552-558.

参考文献

[1]	Zana R.Gemini(dimeric) Surfactants[J]. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci,1996,1(1):566-571.
[2]	Menger F M,Keiper J S,Azov V.Gemini Surfactants with Acetylenic Spacers[J]. Langmuir,2000,16(5):2062-2067.
[3]	ZHAO Jianxi.A New Generation of Surfactants:Geminis[J]. Prog Chem,1999,11(4):348-357(in Chinese). 赵剑曦. 新一代表面活性剂:Geminis[J]. 化学进展,1999,11(4):348-357.
[4]	Caillier L,Givenchy E,Levy R.Polymerizable Semi-fluorinated Gemini Surfactants Designed for Antimicrobial Materials[J]. J Colloid Interface Sci,2009,332(1):201-207.
[5]	SUI Zhihui,LIN Guanfa,ZHU Youyi,et al. The Preparation, Application and Development of Surfactants for Tertiary Oil Recovery[J]. Chem Ind Eng Prog,2003,22(4):355-360(in Chinese). 隋智慧,林冠发,朱友益,等. 用于三次采油的表面活性剂的制备,应用和开发[J]. 化工进展,2003,22(4):355-360.
[6]	SHI Laishun,WAN Zhongyi,WANG Zhongyan,et al. Synthesis and Properties of New Gemini Cationic Asphalt Emulsifier[J]. J Shandong Univ,2007,37(3):122-126(in Chinese). 施来顺,万忠义,王鲁艳,等. 新型Gemini型阳离子沥青乳化剂的合成与性能测试[J]. 山东大学学报(工学版),2007,37(3):122-126.
[7]	SHI Laishun,ZHAO Yafeng,ZHANG Qingli.Synthesis and Properties of Gemini Cationic Asphalt Emulsifier[J]. Pet Asphalt,2010,24(6):66-71(in Chinese). 施来顺,赵亚峰,张庆立. Gemini型阳离子沥青乳化剂的合成与性能测试[J]. 石油沥青,2010,24(6):66-71.
[8]	SHI Hang.Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Gemini Cationic Asphalt Emulsifier[J]. Chem Intermed,2012,(11):58-60(in Chinese). 石航. 新型Gemini型阳离子沥青乳化剂的合成及表征[J]. 化工中间体,2012,(11):58-60.
[9]	HU Zengfu.Production and Application of Emulsified Asphalt for Road[M]. Beijing:China Communications Press,2012(in Chinese). 虎增福. 道路用乳化沥青的生产与应用[M]. 北京:人民交通出版社,2012.
[10]	Bales B L,Benrraou M,Zana R.Krafft Temperature and Micelle Ionization of Aqueous Solutions of Cesium Dodecyl Sulfate[J]. J Phys Chem B,2002,106(35):9033-9035.
[11]	Nudelman A.NMR Chemical Shifts of Common Laboratory Solvents as Trace Impurities[J]. J Org Chem,1997,62(21):7512-7515.
[12]	Zana R.Alkanediyl-α,ω-bis(dimethylalkylammonium bromide) Surfactants:II.Krafft Temperature and Melting Temperature[J]. J Colloid Interface Sci,2002,252(1):259-261.
[13]	Zieliński R,Ikeda S,Nomura H,et al. Effect of Temperature on Micelle Formation in Aqueous Solutions of Alkyltrimethylammonium Bromides[J]. J Colloid Interface Sci,1989,129(1):175-184.
[14]	Di M A,Brinchi L,Di P P,et al. Effect of Head Group Size, Temperature and Counterion Specificity on Cationic Micelles[J]. J Colloid Interface Sci,2011,358(1):160-166.
[15]	Ministry of Communications Highway Science Research Institute. Technical Guide for Micro-surfacing and Slurry Seal[M]. Beijing:China Communications Press,2006(in CHinese). 交通部公路科学研究院. 微表处和稀浆封层技术指南[M]. 北京:人民交通出版社,2006.