Research Progress of Liquid Crystal Molecules for Application in Organic Solar Cells

doi:10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.210359

Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry ›› 2021, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (10): 1326-1339.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.210359

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Research Progress of Liquid Crystal Molecules for Application in Organic Solar Cells

Yong-Jie CUI^1‡, Jia-Xin ZHONG^1‡, Xun-Fan LIAO¹^,²(), Yi-Wang CHEN¹^,²()

¹State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials & College of Materials Science and Engineering，Donghua University，Shanghai 201620，China
²Institute of Advanced Scientific Research （iASR），Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Small Molecules for Ministry of Education，Jiangxi Normal University，Nanchang 330022，China

Received:2021-07-22 Accepted:2021-09-05 Published:2021-10-01 Online:2021-10-15
Contact: Xun-Fan LIAO,Yi-Wang CHEN
About author:ywchen@ncu.edu.cn; xfliao@jxnu.edu.cn
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China （NSFC）(51973032);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and the Graduate Student Innovation Fund of Donghua University(CUSF-DH-D-2021008)

Abstract

Abstract:

Application of liquid crystal molecules in organic solar cell （OSC） device is one of the research focuses in the optoelectronic field in recent years. Liquid crystal molecules are a kind of functional soft materials with both crystal and liquid properties， and have strong self-assembly characteristics. The light absorption range of OSCs can be effectively controlled by using the light absorption complementarity of liquid crystal molecules. In addition， the liquid crystal molecules have strong crystallinity， which can induce the self-assembly of active layer molecules to enhance their order， and at the same time improve the molecular crystallization performance， thereby increasing the charge mobility of active layer， and ultimately increasing the short-circuit current （J_sc） and fill factor （FF） of the OSC devices. Therefore， this paper， which starts from the role of liquid molecules in active layer components， reviews the application of liquid crystal molecules as active layer materials and additives for OSCs. Finally， the existing problems and future development of liquid crystal molecules in the application of OSCs are summarized and prospected.

Key words: Organic solar cells, Liquid crystal molecules, Order, Morphology control

CLC Number:

O649

Yong-Jie CUI, Jia-Xin ZHONG, Xun-Fan LIAO, Yi-Wang CHEN. Research Progress of Liquid Crystal Molecules for Application in Organic Solar Cells[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2021, 38(10): 1326-1339.

Figures/Tables 10

References 72

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活性层 Active layer	给体/受体质量比D/A mass ratio	空穴传输层 Hole transport layer	电子传输层 Electron transport layer	开路电压 V_oc/V	短路电流J_sc/（mA·cm^-2）	填充因子FF/%	能量转换效率PCE/%	参考文献Ref.
PFcbpDTBT：PC₆₁BM	1∶3	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.68	3.38	48	1.10	［27］
P3HT：C₆₀?bp?CN	1∶1	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.52	5.5	23	0.65	［42］
P3HT?b?Pterph：PC₆₁BM	1∶1	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.54	4.42	23.6	0.56	［31］
P3HT?b?PTP：PC₆₁BM	1∶1	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.56	4.73	23.9	0.63	［31］
BTR：PC₇₁BM	1∶1	PEDOT：PSS	Ca	0.90	13.90	74.1	9.3	［34］
BTR：Y6：PC₇₁BM	1.6∶0.7∶0.3	PEDOT：PSS	Phen?NaDPO	0.859	22.21	62	11.82	［58］
BTR：Y6	1.6∶1	PEDOT：PSS	Phen?NaDPO	0.85	22.25	56.4	10.67	［35］
BTR?Cl：Y6	1.6∶1	PEDOT：PSS	Phen?NaDPO	0.86	24.17	65.5	13.61	［35］
BTR?Cl：Y6：PC₇₁BM	1.8∶1∶0.1	PEDOT：PSS	Phen?NaDPO	0.837	23.75	77.11	15.34	［28］
BTR?Cl：Y6	1.6∶1	PEDOT：PSS	ZrAcac	0.829	23.42	68.9	13.48	［29］
BTR?Cl：Y6：anti?PDFC	1.6∶1∶0.1	PEDOT：PSS	ZrAcac	0.837	23.97	72.6	14.56	［29］
BTR?Cl：Y6：syn?PDFC	1.6∶1∶0.15	PEDOT：PSS	ZrAcac	0.839	23.41	71.8	14.09	［29］
BTR?Cl：Y6：PDFC?Ph	1.6∶1∶0.1	PEDOT：PSS	ZrAcac	0.837	23.62	65	12.76	［29］
BTR?Cl：Y6：anti?PDFC：PC₇₁BM	1.7∶1∶0.1∶0.1	PEDOT：PSS	ZrAcac	0.836	25.01	74.9	15.67	［29］
BTR：Y6	1∶0.6	PEDOT：PSS	Phen?NaDPO	0.83	22.1	61	11.1	［59］
BTR?TE：Y6	1∶0.6	PEDOT：PSS	Phen?NaDPO	0.84	23.4	67	13.2	［59］
BTR?TIPS：Y6	1∶0.6	PEDOT：PSS	Phen?NaDPO	0.83	18.5	54	8.3	［59］
NDT?3T?R4：Y6	1∶0.6	PEDOT：PSS	Ca	0.76	17.02	71.4	9.2	［60］
NDT?3T?R6：Y6	1∶0.8	PEDOT：PSS	Ca	0.78	18.89	72.8	10.7	［60］
BQR：PC₇₁BM	1∶1	PEDOT：PSS	Ca	0.92	14.90	65	8.9	［61］
DPP?TP6：PC₇₁BM	1∶1	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.93	8.4	55	4.3	［63］

活性层 Active layer	给体/受体质量比D/A mass ratio	空穴传输层 Hole transport layer	电子传输层 Electron transport layer	开路电压 V_oc/V	短路电流J_sc/（mA·cm^-2）	填充因子FF/%	能量转换效率PCE/%	参考文献Ref.
PFcbpDTBT：PC₆₁BM	1∶3	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.68	3.38	48	1.10	［27］
P3HT：C₆₀?bp?CN	1∶1	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.52	5.5	23	0.65	［42］
P3HT?b?Pterph：PC₆₁BM	1∶1	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.54	4.42	23.6	0.56	［31］
P3HT?b?PTP：PC₆₁BM	1∶1	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.56	4.73	23.9	0.63	［31］
BTR：PC₇₁BM	1∶1	PEDOT：PSS	Ca	0.90	13.90	74.1	9.3	［34］
BTR：Y6：PC₇₁BM	1.6∶0.7∶0.3	PEDOT：PSS	Phen?NaDPO	0.859	22.21	62	11.82	［58］
BTR：Y6	1.6∶1	PEDOT：PSS	Phen?NaDPO	0.85	22.25	56.4	10.67	［35］
BTR?Cl：Y6	1.6∶1	PEDOT：PSS	Phen?NaDPO	0.86	24.17	65.5	13.61	［35］
BTR?Cl：Y6：PC₇₁BM	1.8∶1∶0.1	PEDOT：PSS	Phen?NaDPO	0.837	23.75	77.11	15.34	［28］
BTR?Cl：Y6	1.6∶1	PEDOT：PSS	ZrAcac	0.829	23.42	68.9	13.48	［29］
BTR?Cl：Y6：anti?PDFC	1.6∶1∶0.1	PEDOT：PSS	ZrAcac	0.837	23.97	72.6	14.56	［29］
BTR?Cl：Y6：syn?PDFC	1.6∶1∶0.15	PEDOT：PSS	ZrAcac	0.839	23.41	71.8	14.09	［29］
BTR?Cl：Y6：PDFC?Ph	1.6∶1∶0.1	PEDOT：PSS	ZrAcac	0.837	23.62	65	12.76	［29］
BTR?Cl：Y6：anti?PDFC：PC₇₁BM	1.7∶1∶0.1∶0.1	PEDOT：PSS	ZrAcac	0.836	25.01	74.9	15.67	［29］
BTR：Y6	1∶0.6	PEDOT：PSS	Phen?NaDPO	0.83	22.1	61	11.1	［59］
BTR?TE：Y6	1∶0.6	PEDOT：PSS	Phen?NaDPO	0.84	23.4	67	13.2	［59］
BTR?TIPS：Y6	1∶0.6	PEDOT：PSS	Phen?NaDPO	0.83	18.5	54	8.3	［59］
NDT?3T?R4：Y6	1∶0.6	PEDOT：PSS	Ca	0.76	17.02	71.4	9.2	［60］
NDT?3T?R6：Y6	1∶0.8	PEDOT：PSS	Ca	0.78	18.89	72.8	10.7	［60］
BQR：PC₇₁BM	1∶1	PEDOT：PSS	Ca	0.92	14.90	65	8.9	［61］
DPP?TP6：PC₇₁BM	1∶1	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.93	8.4	55	4.3	［63］

活性层 Active layer	添加剂含量 Additive contents/%	空穴传输层 Hole transport layer	电子传输层 Electron transport layer	开路电压V_oc/V	短路电流J_sc/（mA·cm^-2）	填充因子FF/%	能量转换效率PCE/%	参考文献Ref.
P3HT：PC₆₁BM：AZO1	5	PEDOT：PSS	-	0.53	16.48	30	2.44	［66］
P3HT：PC₆₁BM：AZO2	5	PEDOT：PSS	-	0.48	16.73	31	2.40	［66］
P3HT：PC₆₁BM：5CB	3	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.604	8.86	61.13	3.27	［67］
P3HT：PC₆₁BM：8CB	4	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.604	9.64	63.94	3.72	［67］
P3HT：PC₆₁BM：DLC1	3	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.65	9.30	63.60	3.90	［30］
P3HT：PC₆₁BM：DLC2	3	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.67	9.15	64.94	3.97	［30］
P3HT：PC₆₁BM：5CT	3	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.621	9.87	56.6	3.5	［68］
P3HT：PC₆₁BM：P3HT?b?Pterph	3	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.60	9.58	58.1	3.34	［31］
P3HT：PC₆₁BM：P3HT?b?PTP	5	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.60	10.36	64.9	4.03	［31］
PTB7?Th：BTR：PC₇₁BM	25	MoO₃	ZnO	0.75	21.4	70	11.40	［33］
PTB7?Th：BTR：PC₇₁BM	10	PEDOT：PSS	PFN	0.78	19.23	72.21	10.83	［69］
PCE10：BTR：PC₇₁BM	20	MoO_x	ZnO	0.794	17.62	64.52	10.88	［70］
PM6：BTR：Y6	5	PEDOT：PSS	PFNBr	0.839	25.8	76.7	16.6	［32］
P3HT：PC₆₁BM：DFBT?TT6	4	MoO₃	ZnO	0.626	9.27	67.3	3.91	［71］
PM6：Y6：DFBT?TT6	3	PEDOT：PSS	PDINO	0.845	26.56	76	17.05	［36］
PTB7：DPP?TP6：PC₇₁BM	8	MoO₃	ZnO	0.73	15.54	69.2	7.85	［72］

活性层 Active layer	添加剂含量 Additive contents/%	空穴传输层 Hole transport layer	电子传输层 Electron transport layer	开路电压V_oc/V	短路电流J_sc/（mA·cm^-2）	填充因子FF/%	能量转换效率PCE/%	参考文献Ref.
P3HT：PC₆₁BM：AZO1	5	PEDOT：PSS	-	0.53	16.48	30	2.44	［66］
P3HT：PC₆₁BM：AZO2	5	PEDOT：PSS	-	0.48	16.73	31	2.40	［66］
P3HT：PC₆₁BM：5CB	3	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.604	8.86	61.13	3.27	［67］
P3HT：PC₆₁BM：8CB	4	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.604	9.64	63.94	3.72	［67］
P3HT：PC₆₁BM：DLC1	3	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.65	9.30	63.60	3.90	［30］
P3HT：PC₆₁BM：DLC2	3	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.67	9.15	64.94	3.97	［30］
P3HT：PC₆₁BM：5CT	3	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.621	9.87	56.6	3.5	［68］
P3HT：PC₆₁BM：P3HT?b?Pterph	3	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.60	9.58	58.1	3.34	［31］
P3HT：PC₆₁BM：P3HT?b?PTP	5	PEDOT：PSS	LiF	0.60	10.36	64.9	4.03	［31］
PTB7?Th：BTR：PC₇₁BM	25	MoO₃	ZnO	0.75	21.4	70	11.40	［33］
PTB7?Th：BTR：PC₇₁BM	10	PEDOT：PSS	PFN	0.78	19.23	72.21	10.83	［69］
PCE10：BTR：PC₇₁BM	20	MoO_x	ZnO	0.794	17.62	64.52	10.88	［70］
PM6：BTR：Y6	5	PEDOT：PSS	PFNBr	0.839	25.8	76.7	16.6	［32］
P3HT：PC₆₁BM：DFBT?TT6	4	MoO₃	ZnO	0.626	9.27	67.3	3.91	［71］
PM6：Y6：DFBT?TT6	3	PEDOT：PSS	PDINO	0.845	26.56	76	17.05	［36］
PTB7：DPP?TP6：PC₇₁BM	8	MoO₃	ZnO	0.73	15.54	69.2	7.85	［72］

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Research Progress of Liquid Crystal Molecules for Application in Organic Solar Cells

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