基于锰基YMn2O5催化剂室温降解挥发性有机化合污染物

doi:10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.220350

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于物理吸附的挥发性有机化合物（Volatile organic compounds， VOCs）净化方式快速且具有通用性，目前已广泛应用于室内空气净化设备中。但在使用过程中受到净化材料吸附总量有限和环境温度变化的影响，往往会对室内空气造成二次污染，严重威胁人们的健康。而通过频繁更换耗材改善二次污染的方式，对消费者造成经济损失的同时，也对环境和下游回收产业带来严重负担。基于此，提出了基于锰基莫来石催化剂（YMn₂O₅， YMO）+O₃的新型VOCs净化技术，并用于室内空气净化。结果表明，在18 ℃、1.2×10⁵ mL/（g·h）的条件下，丙烯被完全催化降解生成CO₂和H₂O。将燃烧产物包括丙烯、多环芳烃和脂肪烃等在内的焚香作为VOCs源，在18 ℃，不同初始浓度与不同相对湿度条件下，自制空气净化器能快速降解VOCs，其洁净空气输出比率达到75 m³/h。随着VOCs初始浓度增加，完全降解所需的时间增加，而环境的相对湿度变化也会影响VOCs降解速率，当相对湿度为40%时，自制空气净化器降解VOCs速率最快。YMO+O₃技术路线在低于室温条件下能够有效降解VOCs，且不造成二次污染。由于催化剂不参与反应，其理论寿命无限长，该技术路线有望在下一代空气净化设备中普及。

关键词: 挥发性有机化合物, 莫来石, 室温降解, 空气净化器

Abstract:

Physical adsorption of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） is a rapid and versatile purification method， which has been widely used in indoor air purifiers. However， due to the limited adsorption amount and the varying of environmental temperature， it often causes secondary pollution to indoor air and seriously threatens people's health during using. The way to avoid secondary pollution through frequent replacement of consumables will not only cause economic losses to consumers， but also bring serious burden to the environment and downstream recycling industry. Therefore， we propose a new VOCs purification method based on Mn-mullite catalyst （YMn₂O₅， YMO）+ozone. The results show that C₃H₆ is completely degraded into carbon dioxide and water at 18 ℃ and 120000 mL/（g·h）. Incense with main components including propylene， polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aliphatic hydrocarbons is used as VOCs source. Under different initial concentrations and relative humidity conditions， the homemade air purifier can rapidly degrade VOCs at 18 ℃， and its clean air delivery rate reaches 75 m³/h. As VOCs initial concentration increases， the time for completing degradation also increases. Besides， the relative humidity changing will also affect the degradation rate of VOCs. When the relative humidity is 40%， the homemade air purifier has the fastest degradation rate. The YMO+O₃ route can effectively degrade VOCs without secondary pollution at room temperature with large humidity variation. Because of the unlimited theoretical lifetime and excellent performance of the catalyst， this technological route is expected to be popular in the next generation of air purifier.

Key words: Volatile organic compounds, Mullite, Room-temperature degradation, Air purifier

中图分类号:

O643.3

沈方燮, 万翔, 王卫超. 基于锰基YMn₂O₅催化剂室温降解挥发性有机化合污染物[J]. 应用化学, 2023, 40(6): 888-895.

Fang-Xie SHEN, Xiang WAN, Wei-Chao WANG. Volatile Organic Compounds Degradation at Room Temperature on Mn-mullite YMn₂O₅ Catalyst[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2023, 40(6): 888-895.

图/表 5

图1 测试用3 m3密闭空间和自制空气净化器示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of 3 m3 confined space and homemade air purifier

图2 YMO+O2和YMO+O3条件下丙烯和O3转化率（18℃， 1.2×105 mL/g·h）

Fig.2 C3H6 and O3 conversion at YMO+O2 and YMO+O3 （18 ℃， 1.2×105 mL/g·h）

图3 YMO（A）晶相、（B）SEM图片、（C）TEM图片和（D）HRTEM和快速傅里叶变换（内嵌）图片

Fig.3 （A） XRD pattern，（B） SEM image，（C） TEM image and（D）HRTEM and fast Fourier transformimages（insert） of YMn2O5

图4 （A）YMO蜂窝陶瓷及其（B）孔道结构、（C）断面SEM照片和（D）表面形貌特征

Fig.4 （A） YMO honeycomb ceramics and its （B） pores，（C） cross-sectional pictures and （D） surface morphological characteristics

图5 （A）不同初始浓度、（B）不同相对湿度和（C）不同温度条件下自制空气净化器降解VOCs的效率及（D）其稳定性

Fig.5 The efficiency of VOCs degradation under （A） different initial concentrations，（B） different relative humidity and （C） different temperature conditions；（D） The stability of VOCs degradation

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基于锰基YMn₂O₅催化剂室温降解挥发性有机化合污染物

Volatile Organic Compounds Degradation at Room Temperature on Mn-mullite YMn₂O₅ Catalyst

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